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May 15, 1885.J THE PHOTOGRAPHIC NEWS. 319 Messrs. J. V. Robinson, Woodworth, T. A. Bewley, and Mans field, took part in the subsequent discussion. Dr. Scott introduced a discussion on “ Pictorial ESects in I hotography," i n the course of which he drew attention to the various principles which should be kept in view by those who desire to produce not merely portraits of places, but veritable pictures. Numerous diagrams were shown illustrative of the various effects of the same object taken from slightly different points.of view, and different conditions of light and shade. The necessity of keeping such figures as are introduced, subordinate to the main subject of the picture, was also touched upon, together with many other points discussed in Mr. H. P. Robin son’s work on “ Pictorial Effects.” After a few remarks from Mr. Conan, Dr. Pearsall, an amateur artist of some note, who has recently called in photography to his aid, proceeded to criticise Dr. Scott’s views at some length, and some what unsparingly expressing the opinion that from an art point of view, photo graphers were almost without an exception complete Philistines, and there was too much “ brutal truth " in photography for it ever to be possible to produce anything really deserving of the name of art. The evening being now somewhat advanced, the discussion was closed with a few words in reply from Dr. Scott. Mr. Richard Millar was elected member, and Mr. Semple pro posed for election. DUNDEE and East OF Scotland PHOTOGRAPMIC Association. The annual general meeting was held in Lamb’s Hotel, Dundee, on Thursday, 7th May, when Mr. W. D. Valentine presided. The office bearers for 1885-86 were elected, and the list is now as follows:— President—J. C. Cox. Vice Presidents—Messrs. W. D. Valentine and D. Ireland. Jlon. Treasurer—John Robertson. Hon. Secretary—D. Ireland, Jun., Rockhill, Broughty Ferry. Council—Dr. Tulloch, Messrs. A. C. Lamb, G. D. Macdougald, V. Baird, J. Geddes, and A. Guthrie. The Society’s dark-room was then brought under consideration, and it was decided to throw it open to all members of the Asso ciation. Keys to be supplied by the Secretary at one shilling. Mr. G. D. Macdougald then gave a most interesting lecturette on “ The Detection and Estimation of Minute Quantities of Hyposulphite in Photographic Materials.” Mr. Macdougald’s apparatus consisted of a Wolff’s bottle for generating hydrogen by the action of pure hydrochloric acid and pure zinc ; the apparatus being so arranged that the gas im pinged on a piece of paper moistened with a solution of a lead salt. It was shown that the hydrogen had no action on the test paper; but on hyposulphite being added sulphuretted hydrogen was set free, the result being that the paper was darkened by the formation of sulphide of lead. In order to show the delicacy of the test, the lecturer added to one of the sets of apparatus a few drops of an excessively dilute solution of hypo, and after the action had proceeded for some minutes, he passed round the lead paper, which sho ved a distinct discoloura tion ; he estimated the quantity of hypo added to be 8006og of a grain. Mr. Macdougald stated that a print had been handed him to test which had undergone the following treatment after fixing:—Washed in six changes of water, washed for twelve hours in an automatic washer, boiled for half an hour, and washed under a tap. This print he had cut up and macerated in water, and on testing in the manner described a distinct trace of hyposulphite was found. On the motion of the Chairman, a very hearty vote of thanks was awarded to Mr. Macdougald. Edinburgh PHOrOGRAPIIC Society. The seventh meeting of the current session was held in 5, St. Andrew Square, on Wednesday evening, 6th May, Mr. Norman Macbeth, R.S.A., presiding. After the minutes of the last meeting had been read and approved, Messrs. Joseph T. Carmichael and George Gilchrist were elected ordinary members of the Society, and Dr. James Fowlis, was proposed by Dr. James A. Sidey for election at next meet- ing. Several notices of motions for next meeting having been tabled, The Secretary read a paper by Messrs. Morgan and Kidd on their rapid contact printing paper. A large number of remark ably fine prints were submitted to illustrate the paper. Mr. T. G. WIAITE expressed his admiration of the beauty of the prints submitted, stating they were the finest he had yet seen. He would like to see them compared with the very finest albumen prints from the same negative. In reply to questions as to certain defects found in the working of certain brands of rapid contact paper, Messrs. Jameson, Turn bull, and Whaite thought that the peculiar “ bloom” or “foggy haze ” occasionally met with, and which is fatal to small work, was largely due to some quality of the gelatine employed. The defect was generally made less apparent by finishing with an enamel surface. Mr. Whaite next described with demonstrations several ways by which home-made bellows for cameras could be produced. The adhesive material he employed, and which he recommended above everything else, was the ordinary shoemaker’s paste as obtained from the dealer in shoemaker’s materials. Au interesting photograph by Mr. Tomkin, taken by artificial light, was examined with much interest. Bradford Amateur Photographic Society. The ordinary monthly meeting of this Society was held in the Law Institute, on May 7th, the President, Mr. Duncan G. Law, in the chair. After the minutes had been read and confirmed, Mr. Sutcliffe was elected a member. The first out-door meeting of the season was arranged to be at Peckover, near Bradford, at half-past two on Saturday, May 16th; to be followed by a trip to Bingley on May 30th, and Hardcastle Craggs on June 2nd. Mr. Scorah, the Hon. Secretary, showed a patent camera by Billcliff, of Manchester, which is built on the Kinnear principle ; there is also a clever arrangement for putting the dark slide into the back, either way up, without a reversing frame. The Secre tary also showed some very fine coloured photographs done by the Cundall photo-tintograph process, which were much admired. A new brass triangle, with billiard cue tips fixed on the top, to prevent scratching the camera, was also shown. Ualh in te Studio. Derby Photographic Society.—The May Meeting of this Society was held at the London Restaurant, Irongate, on Wednes day last, May G. Mr. Richard Keene occupied the chair, and after the ordinary business was transacted, Mr. J. Mayle, of Parliament Street, gave a practical demonstration of the process of enlarging by means of the lantern. Placing an ordinary carte-de-visite negative of the Chairman in the lantern, Mr. Mayle threw an enlarged image of it on a screen of white paper, and after care fully focussing the image he substituted a sheet of prepared paper for the white paper, and exposed it for a short time. He then developed it before the meeting, the result being an excel lent enlargement of Mr. Keene. Mr. Mayle then enlarged from a positive picture, producing an enlarged negative, which was also very successful. A cordial vote of thanks to Mr. Mayle was carried by acclamation on the motion of Mr. Keene, seconded by Mr. Henry Bolden. The Hon. Secretary (Mr. Fred W. Simpson) announced that a speciil meeting will be held at the London Restaurant on Thursday, May 14, at 7.30 pan., when Captain W. de W. Abney, R.E., F.R.S., will read a paper : also, that an out-door meeting will be held at King’s Mills, on Saturday, May 16. Seven new members were elected, bringing the total number up to seventy-seven. The Exhibition of thm Dundee and East or Scotland Photographic Association.—An International Exhibition of photographs, photographic apparatus, and appliances will be held in the Galleries of the Albert Institute, Dundee, and the ex hibition will be opened on the 18th February, 1886, to continue open six weeks. All pictures, apparatus, and contributions of any kind will be insured at the expense of the Association ; and especial care will be bestowed on the hanging, so that all pic tures shall, as far as possible, be done justice to. Conditions — An entrance fee of five shillings to be paid by each exhibitor, for which 15 square feet of wall space will be allowed; for extra