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The photographic news
- Bandzählung
- 35.1891
- Erscheinungsdatum
- 1891
- Sprache
- Englisch
- Signatur
- F 135
- Vorlage
- Hochschule für Grafik und Buchkunst Leipzig
- Digitalisat
- Hochschule für Grafik und Buchkunst Leipzig
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- SLUB Dresden
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- urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-db-id1780948042-189100009
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- http://digital.slub-dresden.de/id1780948042-18910000
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- oai:de:slub-dresden:db:id-1780948042-18910000
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- Bandzählung
- No. 1729, October 23, 1891
- Digitalisat
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Zeitschrift
The photographic news
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Band 35.1891
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732 THE PHOTOGRAPHIC NEWS. [October 23, 1891. We have cited only one illustration in support of this proposition, and we have assumed on the part of our readers a certain acquaintance with recent contributions to one of the most interesting developments of molecular science, which this theory of the nature of solution cer tainly is. Our object is to suggest the important contact which is imminent between two branches of molecular science, which up to now have been independently deve loped, and the probability, nay certainty, of reciprocal stimulus, our grasp of photolytic decomposition gaining much in precision from a more exact estimate of an im portant factor, and the theory of solution deriving important confirmation from the phenomena of photographic science. But if this is true of the limited range of photolytic decompositions available for picture making, how much more must the interdependence of UgTit action and solution obtain in the sphere of activity of the plant cell ? We know, of course, a good deal of the proximate results of this activity; the range of carbon compounds of which the modern chemist can give a complete account—complete in the sense that he can build them up from their simplest beginnings—is a formidably wide one ; but all the chemi cal dictionaries, laboratories, and manipulative skill of the world fail to throw even a ray of light on the superb economy of the plant cell. We are certain, however, of the two most important physical factors of its activity. The function of light we take as an axiom ; but the function of the protoplasmic solution—whether of the aboriginal materials for the synthetic work of the cell, or of its proximate products— is as yet an absolutely closed book. The new light which we have on the molecular condition of substances in solution should enable us to form some more definite conjectures as to the probable condition of matter when dissolved in protoplasm, and of the complementary function of photolytic action upon matter so dissolved. We shall, perhaps, be betraying confidences if we intro duce the name of one of our distinguished leaders in science—Prof. Thiselton Dyer—as having definitely sug gested to us this particular view of a probable function of protoplasm. The suggestion, we think, is a fruitful one. We have endeavoured to develop the conception from the point of view of photographic action. Without any attempt at peroration, or even rounding off our lucubra tions with any formal prophetic anticipations, we are satisfied to have made the endeavour ourselves to pro gress from the more to the less vague in our conception of photographic and photolytic phenomena, and their con nection with current developments of molecular science. THR first town council of Greater Vienna has just been photographed by Angerer. The mayor’s table, with papers on it, forms the middle of the picture; at it one sees the mayor (Dr. Prix), the two deputy mayors, and round them the town councillors. Two large and two small pictures were taken. A copy is to be deposited in the city archives. Wb have received from Messrs. Marion and Co. a very choice assortment of Christmas and New Year Cards designed for mounting photographs upon. These are most artistic in design, and are beautifully printed in the most delicate tints. The cards are made in various sizes, from “ midget” up to whole plate. They will accommodate both upright and oblong pictures, and, while some are made to take pictures already mounted on card, others require the photograph to be attached with mounting medium. No prettier form of Christmas or New Year’s greeting can be imagined than one of these tasty cards mounted with a picture identified with the sender, or appropriate to the recipient. Nevtews. The Gelatino-Chloride of Silver Printing-out Process. By Walter E. Woodbury. (Hazell, Watson, awl Viney, Limited, London.) In this little book Mr. Woodbury gives full directions for preparing emulsion and coating paper for the gelatino- chloride process, which has recently become familiar to photographers under the names of aristotype, celerotype, Obernetter, &c. The directions are plainly given, and, so far as we can see, they are trustworthy. It is a pity, however, that the book is cut up into so many small chapters, two or three of which consist of less than a page of matter. The addition of an index would also be desirable in another edition of the work. The book is well printed, and will be welcome to all who are fond of trying various printing processes. One Hundred Photographic Formula. By W. Ingles Rogers. This is a mere compilation of formulae which have been published in the various photographic journals and annuals, and it can hardly pretend to be anything else. If the compiler had given some idea of the results obtained by using the different recipes—such, for instance, as the colour given to the film by each developer, or the best developer to use for certain plates, or under given con ditions—the republication of the matter in this form would have had something to recommend it. THE FIXING BATH. BY J. J. HIGGINS, A.M., M.D. A plain solution of hyposulphite of sodium in water, ranging in strength from 1’4 to 1'6, has until recently been the sole accepted and usual fixing bath for photo graphic negatives. Of late, however, modifications of this bath have been brought forward and highly extolled. The principal of these are, first, that in which carbonate of soda (the ordinary sal. soda, or washing soda of the shops) is added to the simple solution of hypo, and known as the “ sodic hypo bath"; second, that in which alum is added, known as the “alum hypo bath”; third, that in which carbonate of soda and alum both are added, known as the “ sodic alum hypo bath”; and again, that in which sulphite of soda, with an acid, is added, known as the “ acid sulphite hypo bath.” This last is remarkable for the almost sparkling, clear, crystal, and jet black negatives produced by or resulting from its use, and I was employing it for awhile with the greatest satisfaction, until, on the printing of a number of the negatives, my attention was called to the fact that my negatives, with which there had never previously been any such trouble, now stained the silver paper. This staining I found was due to sulphur present in the film, and it was only by fre quently repeated and prolonged washings of hours in length that it could be finally removed. Occurring almost regularly, and only with negatives fixed in acid sulphite hypo (although special attention was now given to, one might say, exhaustive washing), and not with those fixed in plain hypo, the following series of experiments was instituted by me to determine the proneness of the various fixing solutions to cause or leave this stain, observation at the same time being made of their comparative rapidity of fixing. To avoid the
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