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The photographic news
- Bandzählung
- 35.1891
- Erscheinungsdatum
- 1891
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- Englisch
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- Hochschule für Grafik und Buchkunst Leipzig
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- Hochschule für Grafik und Buchkunst Leipzig
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- Bandzählung
- No. 1712, June 26, 1891
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The photographic news
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470 THE PHOTOGRAPHIC NEWS. [June 26, 1891. experiment has been tried. The test is this :—Choose a clear day, and select a view with prominent mountain masses in the distance. Take a large camera and a long focus lens (this for obvious reasons). Now focus on the distance, and, with a fine pencil or crowquill, trace on the reversed ground glass the apparent outline of these mountains, being careful to mark a base line and a few salient points, to obtain register. Without disturbing the camera, but allowing for the focus of the plate, take a sharp negative and see if the two coincide. The result, which I did not know at the time, but which I rightly anticipated, is that the image on the ground-glass—in other words, the visual image—is slightly larger than the image on the plate, or chemical image, and this being so, we have a very simple solution of Dr. Emerson’s puzzle. It should also be borne in mind that the brighter colours of nature will always make objects appear larger than their commensurate monochromatic reproductions, and this applies to drawing and painting as well as photography. It seems to me quite absurd that what is really an excellence of the photographic art—an excellence unattainable in painting or drawing—should be treated as a reason of exclusion from art altogether. Every art has its qualities, and one of the qualities of photography is exactitude. From what I have said it will be seen that the human eye would estimate the size of mountains according to the amount of moisture in the intervening air ; in other words, it would hardly ever estimate their height twice alike. Photography, on the other hand, is practically absolute in its estimate. Surely there can be no two ways of thinking about it. But again, I say, I write under correction. If, in this rather long letter, the temperature has at any time risen above summer heat, I must beg of you, sir, to attribute it to no want of regard for Dr. Emerson, but rather to advocacy of the amateur trader whose business is endangered. And I would put it to the person, who keeps what they call their con science (but whose name I, at present, abstain from mention ing), whether a notice-board was not in preparation marked “ Closed for Repairs,” which would shortly have been dangled prominently in the thoroughfare. If I have, in any degree, saved this expense and averted a stoppage of business, I feel sure Dr. Emerson will join me in whitewashing the method employed. Dr. Emerson is a good and clever gentleman—it is something to be good, and clever, and a gentleman after all, particularly in photography—but, in this case, I submit he has presumed a little too much on his undoubtedly admirable abilities. W. A. Boond. June 23rd. HOLIDAY HOMES. Sir,—As any readers of the Photographic News who are familar with the offices of this Union, and the walls of its 200 centres will admit, we have been liberal patrons of photography ; we now write your readers to help us. The object of our Holiday Homes is a fortnightly holiday in the country for the poor children attending our schools and mission. The homes are situate at Folkstone, Chislehurst, Thursley Common, East Grinstead, Caterham, Pilsea, and Windsor. I mention this in case, for their own purposes, any of your readers may wish to photograph groups of the children. The cost per head for the holiday is 10s., not a large sum, and easy to make up among a circle of friends. Those who prefer to send smaller or larger offerings are invited to do so. Above all, we wish no one to think his or her offering would be too small. Trifles total up grandly. John Kirk, Secretary. Holiday Homes Fund, Ragged School Union, Exeter Hall, Strand, London, W.C. Messrs. Marion & Co. inform us that during their last stock taking they determined to dispose of a large accumulation of surplus stock, and with this view have fixed July 6 th as the date for a clearance sale. The stock referred to comprises cameras (ordinary and detective), stands, lensesof all kinds, backgrounds, and a number of articles gleaned from all departments of too varied a nature to particularise. The goods are to be marked at absurd figures, which means that they will be sold at consider ably under cost price. roreengs Of Socetes. Photographic Society of Great Britain. At the technical meeting of this Society held on the 23rd inst. the chair was occupied by Mr. W. Bedford. A short paper sent by Mr. Birt Acres was read, introducing the subject of the discussion of the evening, Orthochromatic Photography. The author of the paper complained of the apathy generally shown to orthochromatic photography. This apathy he attributed to the idea that the use of a yellow screen was a necessity. He maintained that a screen was not necessary, and the idea that it was so was a bogey. In de scribing the use of the coloured screen, he said that he had found the best to be those of optically worked glass sold by B. J. Edwards and Co. Mr. J. Traill Taylor said that screens of coloured glass ground and polished for orthochromatic work were introduced some time since by Mr. Gotz, and did not originate, as might be inferred from the paper, with the firm with which Mr. Birt Acres was connected. Mr. A. Mackie said that Mr. J. B. B. Wellington had, in 1887, recommended the use of patent plate glass coated with stained collodion. The collodion side was cemented to another glass with Canada balsam, as suggested by Mr. Debenham, so that externally there were the plain glass surfaces, and the collodion was preserved from injury. He could not agree with Mr. Acres that the use of orthochromatic plates without a screen was sufficient. The Chairman said he thought there was prejudice in the statements of the makers of orthochromatic plates, that they would give satisfactory results without the use of a screen in addition. Nothing like a correct orthochromatic effect could be produced without a colour screen. He had hoped to have a discussion on various methods of preparing orthochromatic plates. He had brought specimens of dyes of various kinds, and, with the spectroscope, their absorption could be examined. He would advise the study of Vogel’s researches, which were amongst the classics of photography. Amongst the dyes he had brought were cyanine, methyl-violet, turmeric, and erythrosine. To make an orthochromatic emulsion, it sufficed to put in a small quantity of the dye in the course of manufacture. He preferred to use the dye in the bromide solution, so that the formation of the compound of silver went on simultaneously with that of the silver bromide. Erythrosine gave an emulsion the general sensitiveness of which was greater than that with other dyes, and therefore, on the whole, he preferred it, although its orthochromatising power was not so good as methyl-violet or cyanine. Erythrosine sensitised strongly for yellow and green, but not at all for red ; in fact, it was rather detrimental to most reds. For ordinary work, one of the best dyes was methyl-violet. There was no necessity for using ammonia with erythrosine ; the statement that it was necessary was a mistake. Col. Waterhouse said that he had used ammonia generally, and had thought that, on the whole, it was better to do so. He had not, however, sensitised the emulsion direct, but had bathed commercial plates in a solution of the dye. In India, where he worked, it was not easy to manage the manufacture of gelatine emulsions, and he simply sensitised plates sent over from England. He used erythrosine silver, and found that plates would keep fairly well; at all events, he had found no change after two months’ keeping in a very trying climate. The Chairman thought that it would be of interest to know why it was that gelatine did not lend itself so well to ortho chromatic sensitising as collodion. Mr. Addenbrooke could quite support what had been said as to the uselessness of orthochromatic plates without a yellow screen. With an orthochromatic plate, yellow did show slightly better than on an ordinary plate, both used without screens ; but the difference was exceedingly slight—scarcely perceptible. The Chairman said that it could be told, during the pre paration of the emulsion, whether the dye added to it would have orthochromatising effect or not. If, on washing the emulsion, the colour of the dye disappeared, there would be no orthochromatic effect; if the emulsion retained the colour after washing, there was a combination which would be effective.
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