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The photographic news
- Bandzählung
- 35.1891
- Erscheinungsdatum
- 1891
- Sprache
- Englisch
- Signatur
- F 135
- Vorlage
- Hochschule für Grafik und Buchkunst Leipzig
- Digitalisat
- Hochschule für Grafik und Buchkunst Leipzig
- Digitalisat
- SLUB Dresden
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- Public Domain Mark 1.0
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- urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-db-id1780948042-189100009
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- http://digital.slub-dresden.de/id1780948042-18910000
- OAI-Identifier
- oai:de:slub-dresden:db:id-1780948042-18910000
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- Fotografie
- LDP: Historische Bestände der Hochschule für Grafik und Buchkunst Leipzig
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- Bandzählung
- No. 1699, March 27, 1891
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Zeitschrift
The photographic news
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Band 35.1891
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- The photographic news
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March 27, 1891,] THE PHOTOGRAPHIC NEWS. 249 Titerarp Notces. Evening Work for Amateur Photographers. By T. C. Hepworth, F.C.S. (IlazeU, Watson, § Viney, Ltd., Lon don, 1890.) This book is interesting to read at all times, and is likely to be practically useful to the photographer during the season of dark evenings, for it treats of the produc tion and exhibition of lantern slides, the management of the lantern, frame-making and guilding, enlarging, and the electric light in the optical lantern. It is written in an easy narrative style, and exhorts beginners at lantern exhibitions to do likewise, by accompanying the pictures which they throw upon the screen with a suitable descrip tive narrative or tale. Often, indeed, have we seen a pic ture projected upon the screen representing some scene of absorbing interest in legendary lore, and in which a strong interest might have been excited in the minds of the observers had the exhibitor known anything and told something about the scene he was presenting, instead of letting the slide pass with only a name, and nothing more. If photographers, before going on tour, would read up the history of places they are about to visit, their travels would be more interesting to themselves, and, when in the locality, they would know better what to photograph and why they should do so. Not far from the beginning of Mr. Hepworth’s book comes the following useful little item of information about the cutting of gelatine-coated glass plates with glaziers’ diamonds:— In the case of cutting through a dry plate, it may be cut from either side, but it is best to apply the diamond to the film side. There is more than one reason in favour of this course. If we make our cut on the back—that is, on the glass side of the plate—we are pretty sure to raise a few tiny filaments of glass which may lead to scratching of the film subsequently ; we find, too, that when the cut is made in this manner, and the glass is broken into two halves, it still remains united by a tough hinge of gelatine, which cannot be parted without some effort, and which will often lead to partial stripping of the film. But by cutting through the gelatine in the first instance, this last difficulty cannot arise, and there will be no spicules of glass to cause after-scratches of the film. A diffi culty arises in the circumstance that all glaziers’ diamonds will not cut through gelatine. Mr. B. J. Edwards tells me that it is his practice to send to the manufacturers for a number of diamonds at a time, and to try them one by one, so as to sort out the minority which will cut through a glass plate on the film side. He tells me that a diamond which will do this, and one which will not, do not differ in appearance in any way, even when subjected to the closest scrutiny. The only way of finding out the right kind is by careful trial, and not by mere examination. In one part of the book the author deals with the question of inexpensive condensers for enlarging and reducing purposes, and devotes a few pages to the out-of- the-way subject of water-lenses, made by cutting the tops from well-formed glass shades, supporting them horizon tally by a wooden or metal ring, then filling with water the glass bowl thus formed. This is one way of getting plano-convex lenses of seven or eight or more inches in diameter. In one of the diagrams he represents one of these water lenses, supported a little above another, so as to form a double-lens condenser ; a plane mirror below, placed at an angle of forty-five degrees, sends the light from the flame upwards through the condenser ; another mirror above the lenses, and at an angle of forty-five degrees, sends the condensed beam of light in a horizontal direction. One obvious defect of this arrangement is that the flame is so far from the lower lens that there must be considerable loss of light, and that any plan of bringing the flame directly underneath the lens would tend to boil the water. In any case, conditions are likely to occur occasionally under which moisture would be deposited on the under surface of the upper water-lens. These crude arrangements seem to be mentioned more as curiosities than anything else; nevertheless, a little scientific work has sometimes been done with them. Another subject dealt with in the book is that of clouds in lantern slides, a subject which will attract more and more attention as time passes on, and we near the period when blank skies will no more be tolerated in slides than in paper prints. We think that one of the best ways to get natural clouds is to give two exposures on separate plates, one for the landscape, and one for the clouds ; the combined result is sure to be natural, and the lighting of all parts of the picture true. By the use of suitable shutters, and by special methods of developing, some operators are much more expert than others in securing the landscape and the clouds in the same negative. Mr. Hepworth recommends the use of sky negatives, not necessarily one taken on the spot, and gives practical in formation how to employ them. He also has something to say about shutters to assist in securing clouds. Mr. Hepworth deals with the subjects of photographing by the magnesium light, and the employment of the electric light for the optical lantern, and various photo graphic purposes. In our opinion, the electric light is at present too expensive for practical use, when the cost of maintenance, and all items, are included; so much so that, except in a few fashionable studios, and in photo mechanical printing works, it is not likely to be much used in photography, except by those who can afford luxuries. Jahrbuch fur Photographie und REPRODUCTIONS- technik fur das Jahr 1891. By Dr. J. M. Eder. (Halle: W. Knapp.) Always welcome is the appearance of Dr. Eder’s Year- Book. We can expect with certainty to find in the volume some pieces of new and valuable scientific informa tion from some of the first workers in the several de partments of photography; and the photographic process illustrations are a pleasure to look at and to turn to again and again. There is one point, however, in which the present volume differs somewhat from its predecessors: it contains a large number of reprints from the current journals of the past year, particularly from the English journals. The number of references taken or condensed from our own pages of the past year can only afford us gratification, as showing the interest excited in Germany by the progress which has had to be chronicled amongst our selves. We do not mean this to be understood in any carp ing or ironical strain. One of the most useful offices of the photographic litterateur is to bring to the notice of his brethren the things which, being printed originally in another language, might escape their observation. There are, moreover, many original articles, some of them evincing great thought and an immense amount of work in their preparation. Of the original articles we may refer to a few without disparagement to the others. The photo-mechanical
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