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The photographic news
- Bandzählung
- 35.1891
- Erscheinungsdatum
- 1891
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- Englisch
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- F 135
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- Hochschule für Grafik und Buchkunst Leipzig
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- Hochschule für Grafik und Buchkunst Leipzig
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- Bandzählung
- No. 1694, February 20, 1891
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Zeitschrift
The photographic news
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FEBRUARY 20, 1891.] THE PHOTOGRAPHIC NEWS. 155 Qroceedngs Of Socettes. THE London and PROVINCIAL PFOTOGRAPHI3 Association. February 12th.—Mr. T. Bolas in the chair. Mr. G. W. Atkins presented Capt. Abney’s “Text-Book of Science ” to the library. Specimen prints from cloud negatives, issued by Mr. E. Dunmore, were passed round. Mr. Atkins showed some slides he had made, using the collodio-bromide process. He also passed round a sample of pyroxyline that he had prepared from a formula published by Dr. Hardwich. Mr. A. Haddon thought that sufficient attention was not paid by experimenters in making pyroxyline to the specific gravity ftnd temperature of the acid used. He considered this the cause of the inferiority of some samples of cotton. He also exhibited a bottle containing a solution of eikonogen preserved with bisulphite ; it had been standing several months, and was quite colourless. Mr. A. Cowan had kept a solution of eikonogen two years in a bottle, quite full ; it had not changed colour. The remainder of the evening was devoted to the exhibition of lantern slides. An excellent series was shown by Messrs. Mawson and Swan, from negatives on their plates. Slides were also exhibited by Messrs. Atkinson, Pemberton, Kellow, and Wellington. The PHOTOGRAPHIC Society of Ireland. The annual general meeting was held on the 13th inst. at the rooms, 15, Dawson Street, Dublin ; Professor J. Alfred Scott, M.B., vice-president, occupied the chair. The report of the council and treasurer’s statement of accounts were read, and showed the Society to be both numerically and financially in a very satisfactory condition. After the necessary business in connection with the election of officers and council for the ensuing year, Mr. Greenwood Pim passed through the lantern a number of slides by himself, and Dr, Cosgrave of pictures taken in Switzerland. The Lantern Society. February 9th.—Mr. J. Traill Taylor on “ Lensesand Conden sers for Lantern Work.” Mr. Taylor commenced by saying that in his remarks on condensers, the light was assumed to be small and intense. At present there was no perfect condenser on the market, and the subject was one that might profitably lie worked out farther than it had yet been. Mr. E. M. Nelson was the only English man who had as yet tackled the subject ; in America they had given much more attention to the matter. The back lens of a condenser should be fairly large to include as wide an angle as possible, and as thin as possible on account of the heat, the edges being ground thin for the same reason. The effective diameter of the back lens was considerably less than the diameter of the lens itself, and in the ordinary commercial condenser the margin of the lens to the extent of about half an inch inwards was not utilised. Mr. Taylor showed a drawing of a theoretically perfect condenser to transmit absolutely parallel rays from a small luminant. It was of triple form, and five inches in diameter. He also described Professor Morton’s triple condenser, which included an angle of 93 degrees, and he gave the curves for both these condensers. In a perfect lantern, the third lens of the condenser (the one farthest from the light) should be removable, and replaceable by others of different focal lengths. The first two lenses would be arranged to give parallel rays, which could then be converged more or less, according to the purpose for which they were to be used, by the third lens. With reference to projection lenses, Mr. Taylor said that the Petzval portrait lens was the best form, and explained how the flatness of field could be improved by increasing the negative aberration of the back lens. In the discussion which followed, Mr. G. R. Baker referred to the focal lengths of lantern condensers, and Mr, E. M, Nelson mentioned Professor Abbe’s theorem, that the intensity of the light at different distances from the condenser varied as the square of the sine of half the angle included. The West London Photographic Society. A meeting was held at the Broadway Lecture Hall, Hammer smith, on the 13 th February. The President announced that he had forwarded a circular re cheap railway fares to photographers, to forty-nine London and suburban Photographic Societies for their consideration, and requesting them to fill up the same, with the number of members, to lay it before their next meeting, and say whether their names might be added to the memorial which was to be lodged with the several London railways. A favourable answer had already been received from two societies. An inquiry from the question-box which had been held over from the previous meeting, as to whether ammonia fumes injuriously affected the lungs, was answered by Dr. Low, who thought that, considering the extent to which the ammonia was diluted before use in the developing bath, no harm could be caused to the lungs, but it might, perhaps, have an effect upon the eyes. The President then introduced Mr. Wm. Schooling, F. IL A. S., who gave a lecture on the “Application of Photography to Astronomy,” illustrated with slides from photographs taken at Harvard and other large observatories. Mr. Schooling said that photography had not helped them much with regard to the detail on the surface of the moon, and the spots on the sun— in fact, more truthful effects were got with sketches ; but that with regard to distant stars, some of them were rendered with great exactitude on the photographic plate, though not visible to the eye through the most powerful telescope in use. Mr. Whiting thought that astronomers might with advantage turn their attention to the discovering of some emulsion that would give a less coarse image than that given by gelatine ; he suggested slower plates, and thought that at the present time albumen would be the best thing to use. Mr. Schooling said that owing to the movement of the planets, it was necessary to use as rapid a plate as possible. The Hackney Photographic Society. Last Thursday Mr. Henry Sturmey gave an interesting and amusing lecture on “Norway,” in which he described his trip there. About one hundred slides were put through the lan tern, which was worked by the hon. secretary. The Society now possesses a fine single lantern, together with all appliances. At the close of Mr. Sturmey’s lecture, Messrs. Dean, Gosling, Barton, and Herbert Smith showed slides. The Richmond Amateur Photographic Society. At the w'eekly meeting on the 13 th inst. there was a good muster of members ; Mr. CEMBRANO presided. A discussion took place on “ Exposure and Exposure Tables,” to which most of those present contributed—from the tyro who confessed that he bad no ideas on the subject which could be of the smallest use to any-one else, to the veteran of wet-plate days, who looked upon exposure tables much as a man looks upon swimming-corks who has learnt swimming without them. The longest exposure on record was stated to be one of several months given to a dry collodion plate in the Catacombs, while the shortest went into millionths of a second. Two new members were elected. The Birmingham Photographic Society. The above Society held a lantern evening on Wednesday, the 11th inst., at the Temperance Hall. Slides were lent by the Camera Club, Messrs. J. B. B. Wellington, Fry and Co., Sands and Hunter, Pumphrey, and others. It was announced that the first meeting at the committee room of the Midland Institute would be held on the 26th inst., when papers on " Shutters ” and “ Instantaneous Photography ” would be given.
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