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July 81,1863.] THE PHOTOGRAPHIC NEWS. 367 which in fig. 2 contains a small eye-piece. It is thus used. A tube, containing at its end a very small hole (possibly 306 inch in diameter) is thrust, in a definite 'position, into the right-hand tube of fig. 1, till the small hole is in the focal plane of the telescope image. In this state the tele scope is turned to the sun ; the small hole represents a star of solar matter; and its spectrum may be observed and measured. An eye-piece with diagonal reflector, and carry ing a wire in its focus, is thrust into the small socket, as in fig. 2, and the position of the solar hole with reference to the wire is carefully observed. Then, when a star is to be observed, the small eye-piece is thrust in, the telescope is moved till the star’s image has the same position in regard to the wire which the solar hole had, and then it is certain that the star occupies precisely the place of the solar hole ; then the small eye-piece is withdrawn, and the spectrum is observed, and measures are made with the micrometer. For reading the comb of the micrometer there is an annular reflector to illuminate the field, not shown in the drawing. The following sketch exhibits lines whose positions have been measured by Mr. Carpenter ; numerous lines have been seen, but not measured AaBCD Eft F G II Su Illi I I I I I a Orionis — Geminorum a Ceti 8 Virginis Sirius Castor Procyon 7 Geminorum B Aurigse Regulus S Auriga Spica 7 Virginis Capella B Leonis Aldebaran Arcturus B Tauri | | Pollux On this sketch Mr. Carpenter remarks :— This diagram is only intended to show the positions of the lines; no attempt has been made to illustrate their characters or their different intensities. The stellar lines are generally nebulous, resembling the solar line II; in the first four stars on the diagram they are, however, much more diffused on the side opposite to the red end of the spectrum. Since these observations were communicated to the Society, two more lines have been detected in the spectrum of Arcturus; one coincident with solar D, the other between it and solar C. G, B. A. MR. POUNCY’S NEW PATENT PROCESS FOR PERMANENT PRINTING. {Specification.') My said invention relates to certain improvements in obtaining, transferring, and printing from photographic and any other pictures or images, and also in preparing the materials for such processes; the main or principal feature of my invention consisting in the employment of a sensitive or sensitized ink or composition on which pictures or images may be produced by the agency of light, and which may be ’transferred or printed from in the manner hereinafter mentioned. The surfaces employed for the reception of the pictures or images may be paper, silk, linen, cotton, or mixed fabrics, leather, wood, ivory, glass, porcelain or stone, or surfaces of metal or of metallic alloys may be used, or any other surface. The surface proposed to be employed is coated with an ink or composition consisting of carbonaceous or other colouring matter (according to the colour or tint of the picture desired to be pro duced), fat, tallow, or oil, bichromate of potash or bitumen of Judasa, or both of such last-mentioned substances, and benzole, turpentine, or other hydrocarbon or analogous spirit. The respective proportions of the several ingredients hereinbefore mentioned will vary with the circumstances attending the operation. The mode of compounding such ingredients, and the neces sary proportions thereof, will be well understood by persons conversant with the preparation of similar or analogous inks or compositions, with the addition of the two last mentioned substances dissolved in either of the spirits before named. I may mention, however,- that if the photographic picture or imago is to be transferred on to stone or any other surface suitable for being printed from, a larger quantity of oil or fatty matter is employed in preparing the ink or sensitive composition than when the picture or image is simply taken on paper or any other surface, and is to be used merely in that form. The ink or composition must be prepared and applied to the surface of the material employed in the dark, or in a place from which the actinic rays of light have been excluded, or by an artificial light which does not act photo graphically. The coated surface is to be dried and excluded from the light until it is about to be used, when a photographic picture or image may be produced thereon by any of the usual and known methods applicable to the purpose. When the picture or image is to be produced by means of a negative picture or image applied to the sensitized surface pre pared as aforesaid, and the substance or material is sufficiently transparent to allow the rays of light to act through the same, the negative picture or imago may be placed on the uncoated surface and the light applied so as to act on the coating through the transparent substance or material. The rays of light having hardened the parts required, and produced the’ desired effect on the sensitized coating, the parts not acted on thereby remaining soluble are then washed off with benzole, turpentine, naptha, or other hydro carbon solvent. The picture or image will thus be left upon the surface employed in printing-ink, or in a composition in the nature of or analogous to printing-ink, and from which im pressions can be obtained as hereinafter mentioned. The pictures or images obtained in the manner hereinbefore mentioned are applicable to a great variety of purposes, both useful and ornamental. They may be preserved simply as works of art, or they may be transferred (if a suitable material for receiving the sensitive coating has been employed) to tho surface of porcelain or other ceramic manufactures, and “ burnt in ” or permanently imparted thereto, according to the well- known methods of performing such operations. When the sensitive ink or composition is applied to a litho graphic stone, for the purpose of printing therefrom, the sur face of the stone must be “ grained ” before the application of