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The photographic news
- Bandzählung
- 7.1863
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- 1863
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- Hochschule für Grafik und Buchkunst Leipzig
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- Hochschule für Grafik und Buchkunst Leipzig
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- Bandzählung
- No. 227, January 9, 1863
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Zeitschrift
The photographic news
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Band 7.1863
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- Register Index 619
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Band 7.1863
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24 THE PHOTOGRAPHIC NEWS. [January 9,1863. Ualk in tbe Studio. Cheap Alcohol.—A method of extracting alcohol from coal gas has been discovered at St. Quentin, France, by a young chemist named Cotelle. He announces that he can sell his alcohol at 25 francs the hectoliter, while the most inferior spirits produced from other articles is selling for 75 francs the hectoliter. One equivalent of alcohol contains 4 equivalents of olifiant coal gas and 2 equivalents of water. There is nothing new about the obtaining of alcohol from gas; this has been done before but it cannot be manufactured so cheaply as from grain. Olifiant gas can be made of alcohol as follows:—Take 1 ounce of strong alcohol and 4 ounces of concentrated sul phuric acid and place them in a glass retort capable of holding 10 ounces, and apply a gentle heat. When the liquor boils, olifiant gas is given off. The sulphuric acid should be added to the alcohol in small quantities, and the retort should be shaken after each addition. The olifiant gas thus obtained for experiment is usually passed through a weak solution of potash to wash it. Portable Camera.— We have recently had an opportunity of inspecting a very ingeniously contrived portable stereoscopic camera, invented by Mr. Hooper, and manufactured by Mr. Petschler of Manchester. The front is hinged at the bottom, and so arranged that it can fall back, with the lenses in situ, into the body of the camera. A case which holds three double backs, is attached with hinges to the back of the camera, but is so made that it can easily be removed. Tire whole, when packed up, forms a compact and convenient parcel. Negative Varnish.—We understand from Mr. Solomon, that a spurious imitation of the negative varnish of Soehnee Freres, has recently got into the market. As wo have heard we have heard frequent complaints of the deterioration of this varnish recently, it is possible that this may account for the change. It should be an easy matter for photographers to assure themselves that they purchase a genuine article. Photographic Exhibition.—Cards of invitation for the private view of the Exhibition of the Photographic Society have just been issued. The day is fixed for Saturday, the 10th, from twelve till dusk. On Monday it will open to the public. The Robbery of Lenses at the Crystal Palace.— George Rcstall, late manager to Messrs. Negretti and Zambra, opticians, of No. 1, Hatton-garden, at their photographic establishment, in the Crystal Palace, was finally examined, on Tuesday, at the Lambeth Police-court, on a charge of stealing photographic lenses belonging to his employers, of the value of £100. Mr. G. Lewis, jun., of Ely-place, appeared for the pro secution, and Mr. Sleigh for the defence. Sergeant Palmer, the officer engaged in the case, discovered that four of the missing lenses had been pawned at the shop of Mr. Blizzard, a pawnbroker, in the Borough, and that amongst them was one belonging to the prisoner himself. Richard Kinder, the shop man, swore positively the property had been pledged by the prisoner on the morning of Friday, the 31st of October last, and that he subsequently identified him at the Crystal Palace, when ho had been taken into custody. Mr. Sleigh called three wit nesses to prove an alibi; the first was the female servant of the prisoner, who swore that her master did not go out until after nine o’clock in the morning in question ; and two relations de posed they left the house at a quarter past nine, proceeded by omnibus, and accompanied the prisoner to the Crystal Palace ; while the pawnbroker’s assistant swore positively that the accused pledged the property between the hours of eight and nine. Mr. Elliott, however, committed the prisoner for trial; but on the application of Mr. Sleigh admitted him to bail. U0 Corxespondents, “.9 Wanted, for full prices, or in exchange, the following 'numbers of the Photographic News:—76, 80, 81, 91,101, 197, 198, 200, 202, 203, 213, 214, 215, 216. Jectern.—The amorphous iodide of ammonium, recommended by Mr. Ackland, is a preparation sold by Messrs. Horne and Thornthwite, which decomposes much more readily than the usual crystalline samples, and, in Mr. Ackland’s experience, gives greater sensitiveness and cleanness. We shall be glad to hear further of your success with the calcio-chloride. A.—The yellow stains are, probably, due to the prints sticking together in the fixing bath of hyposulphite of soda, and so preventing complete and perfect fixation. A weak, or exhausted fixing bath, might aid in the result. Some trace of hyposulphite of silver is formed, and not dissolved at once by excess of hyposulphite of soda. The result is a yellow stain, which generally occurs in washing. The fact, that it most frequently occurs with vignettes, is confirmatory of this idea, as there is in such a larger surface of white paper containing unreduced chloride of silver, and more, there fore, to be dissolved. Aqua Pura.—Vulcanized india-rubber would scarcely serve your purpose, as it contains sulphur. We don’t see that you can use anything better than a piece of felt. Robert Reeks.—The question entirely depends on the terms of the bargain. If you were employed to produce a photographic picture simply, whether it be a portrait, or a copy of some object, you have, according to the usual practice of the profession, completed your commission when you have deli vered the print; the negative belonging to yourself, and, if given up, is generally the subject of a distinct and extra payment. If you were em ployed to take a negative of the painting in question, then, of course, it would become the property of the person who commissions the work. There is no law that we know of which affects the question, except usage, and that has generally determined hitherto, that, in the absence of an express bargain to the contrary, the negative remains the property of the photo grapher. A Constant Subscriber.—You may either print by development, fixing your negative in an aperture of the shutter of a darkened room, and enlarging on to the paper direct by means of an ordinary portrait lens, or what we should prefer, as simpler and better, take first a transparent posi tive, and from that a negative enlarged to the desired size. The details are too lengthy for explanation here ; but you will find them given on more than one occasion in our last volume, and also in our Year Book for 1863, just published. C. M.—We have repeatedly given the formula? and manipulations for toning with gold and acetate of soda. Use 3 grains of chloride of gold, and 90 grains of acetate of soda, in a pint of water. Mix at least twenty-four hours before use. We like the acetate better than the carbonate. See article on the subject in the PHOTOGRAPHIC News Almanac, just issued. S.—A report on your glass in our next. II. J.—The dark deposit from decomposition in the toning bath is, doubtless, metallic gold. When it occurs, the only plan is to make a fresh bath. Alkalinity, organic matter, light, and a variety of causes, will sometimes bring it about, as well as free nitrate of silver. 2. We do not know of any cement which will unite strips of bladder together strongly, and yet remain flexible. Isinglass dissolved in vinegar might be tried, or india-rubber varnish. Hugh Roberts.—If a stereoscopic negative, taken with a bi-lens camera, be copied as a transparency in a similar camera, no cutting or transposition is needed. Each half is, in the transparency, turned round on its own axis which is practically the same as if the slide were cut in two. It is difficult’ to explain more definitely here without the use of a diagram, but, by trying the experiment, you will easily convince yourself. In reality the two images are cut, and each turned round in the camera on its own axis, the lens being able to turn round the image without cutting the glass. If you take the stereoscopic print, and after dividing the two halves, turn each round on its axis, so that the top is in the place where the bottom was ; you will find you have simply produced the same change in their relative position as if you had transposed them, and this is what camera copying with a pair of lenses effects. Mr. Breese had one stand of Dallmeyer’s stereoscopes with achromatic lenses, and another stand with similar stereoscopes by Cutts, Sutton, and Co., of Shef field, both were first-rate instruments. We do not know any agent in London for those of Cutts, Sutton, and Co. A. B. C.—Mr. England’s use of the No. 1 B, in preference to the "new stereo” in the Exhibition building, was doubtless to enable him to get suffi cient definition with a large aperture, having frequently to work in a very bad light. For stereoscopic work this is the chief advantage of the No. 1 B over the stereo lens, sufficient definition over the whole of the picture can be obtained with a much larger aperture, and thus, practically, greater rapidity is gained. Less subject is of course included in the same space with the No. 1 B, as the focus is longer. For interiors, and your purpose generally, we should be disposed to prefer the stereo. It is very rapid. As to the exact ratio of definition, light, &c., we cannot speak with cer tainty. The manufacturer can probably give you more definite informa tion on that point. An Amateur.—In cold weather, and with some samples of paper, it ■will fre quently happen that considerably more than ten minutes will be necessary to secure satisfactory tones, especially if the bath be old. Try much longer, or addi ng a little warm water with a trace of fresh chloride of gold. Vols. 2, 4, and 5 of the Photographic News are in print, and may be had at the published price, namely, Vol. 2, containing the numbers of six months, 8s. 6d. ; Vol. 4, containing the numbers of eight months, 10s. 6d.; Vol. 5, containing the numbers of twelve months, 15s. It is very doubtful whether we shall be able to make up any volumes at all of last year, as a great many of the numbers are quite out of print, and although we have offered full price for such numbers we cannot procure them. S. L. G.—It is not necessary to be a member of the Photographic Society in order to exhibit. But we fear you are now too late, as the Exhibition opens on Monday next. X.—The Ammonia-nitrate bath generally gives greater vigour than the ordi nary silver bath. Mr. Hen nah, of Brighton, has always used it for plain paper, and his tones have found many admirers. We think them a trifle too black. Tone is much a matter of taste, but a warm tone is generally more brilliant, and does more justice to a good negative than a cold one. A. L. Coke.—There can be little doubt as to the custom of the profession. The negative belongs to the photographer unless a bargain to the contrary exist. You will find reports on Mason r. Heath on pages 115, 204, 234, of the Photographic News, Vol. VI, or in Nos. 183, 191, 193. We do not know of any more copious reports. The paper to which you refer did not arrive. We shall be glad to learn the issue. W. G.—Thank you for the cutting. We shall make use of it when the case terminates. H Ransome.—If you wish to use that formula you should do so as it stands ; but you may make an approximation by adding the lime to a solution of chloride of gold. See article in our Year Book. 2. Some persous prefer the lime and some acetate of soda. It is a question of taste.
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