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The photographic news
- Bandzählung
- 7.1863
- Erscheinungsdatum
- 1863
- Sprache
- Englisch
- Signatur
- F 135
- Vorlage
- Hochschule für Grafik und Buchkunst Leipzig
- Digitalisat
- Hochschule für Grafik und Buchkunst Leipzig
- Digitalisat
- SLUB Dresden
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- Public Domain Mark 1.0
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- urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-db-id1780948042-186300004
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- http://digital.slub-dresden.de/id1780948042-18630000
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- oai:de:slub-dresden:db:id-1780948042-18630000
- Sammlungen
- Fotografie
- LDP: Historische Bestände der Hochschule für Grafik und Buchkunst Leipzig
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- Parlamentsperiode
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- Wahlperiode
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- Bandzählung
- No. 236, March 13, 1863
- Digitalisat
- SLUB Dresden
- Strukturtyp
- Ausgabe
- Parlamentsperiode
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- Wahlperiode
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Zeitschrift
The photographic news
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Band
Band 7.1863
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- Titelblatt Titelblatt -
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- Register Index 619
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Band
Band 7.1863
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128 THE PHOTOGRAPHIC NEWS. [March 13, 1863. action of a solution of nitrate of silver upon dried albumen, that it has not yet been ascertained whether that which we term albuminate of silver, be a combination of the silver salt and albu men, or, a mixture of two compounds ; one consisting of the acid of the salt and albumen, and the other of the base of the salt and albumen, Dr. Lowig says :—“ If to a solution of albu men we add a solution of metallic salts, as sulphate of copper, nitrate of silver, bichloride of mercury, &c., precipitates are formed, which consist of albumen-metaloxyd and of the com pound of albumen with the acids. The latter can be removed with water, whilst the albumen-metaloxyd remains undis solved.” I have said—“In printing upon albumenized paper it is usually considered that we have present three compounds of silver : the albuminate, chloride, and nitrate ; ” but I believe this idea rests only on assumption, as it has not been ascertained as a, fact, whether sensitizing the dried chlorided albumen really produces two separate and distinct compounds of silver, the albu minate and chloride; or whether a double compound be not formed which, for distinction’s sake, I will call a chlor-albu- minate. The Abbe Pujo makes what I consider an almost astounding assertion respecting the formation of the image upon sensitized albumenized paper. He says:*—“A proof when taken from the printingtrame, is formed of three super imposed images—the first formed by the albuminate, the second by the chloride, and the third by the nitrate of silver.” Supposing the chlorided albumen to be simply a solution of the chloride in albumen, without any chemical combination, we have still an intimate commixture of the two substances ; and surely the new compounds formed by sensitizing will also be intimately blended with each other; but, if they be not so, what proof can be given to warrant the Abbe’s assertion, that the albuminate will form the lowest stratum. (To be continued.) A SHORT LESSON IN PHOTOGRAPHY.—No. 9. As ambrotype resembles a melainotype in every respect; it is a positive picture to be regarded by reflected light, and is laterally inverted. The time required for the solar im pression, and the mode of development and of fixation, are precisely similar as in the melainotype ; the only difference between the two pictures is, that the ambrotype is prepared on glass, whereas the melainotype, as its name implies, is a picture on an iron plate. Inasmuch as the ambrotype is formed on the collodion film on glass, and that the latter substance is transparent, it becomes necessary to coat the posterior surface with either black varnish, black velvet, black paper, or, in fine, some black material to represent the dark background. It is almost immaterial which sub stance is used, as long as it is uniform in shade and texture; the proper varnish or cloth can be obtained from any of the regular dealers in photographic wares. The ambrotype, thus prepared, is mounted with mat and preserver in the same manner as the melainotype, and inserted into its case. When thus mounted it can scarcely be distinguished from the picture on the iron plate. It is a much more tedious operation to prepare an ambrotype than a melainotype; for the glass in the first place has to be cleaned thoroughly, which requires much more time than to dust a new excelsior plate ; then the varnishing with black japan, or the covering with black cloth, is an opera tion not required at all with the iron plate ; so that, when both these disadvantages are taken into consideration together with the difference in fragility, lightness, and portability, operators give a decided preference to the melainotype. and have by this means almost pushed the ambrotype out of fashion. We will, therefore, leave it to its fate. The next picture which claims our attention is the all pervading card picture. No picture has ever had so wide a sphere of action, has gratified fashion and taste so long, or has been as productive of gain to the photographer, as the card picture. Every family, excepting mine, has its variegated album on the parlour table filled with family * Pirorograpinc News, vol. v. page 303. f From Uumphrefs Journal. likenesses from the time of Noah’s ark down to the battle of Antietam—all of them, either staring right in your face as if they were suffering the last pangs of martyrdom, or as if straining a smirk whilst bitten by a flea. Family consan guinity in the present age of the world is circular—it has no limits—it is ubiquitous. Cousin Victoria, uncle Napo leon, great uncle Maximilian Joseph Ludwig, second cousin President Lincoln, nephew Colonel Ellsworth, my most inti mate friend Lord Palmerston, General Beauregard, a distant relation of my wife’s family (who is of French descent), General Kirby Smith (whose sister is a very dear friend of the family), Secretary Seward (the uncle of a lovely rich widow, now in Europe, on a tour with her medical adviser, for the benefit of her health and for her consolation after her heart-rending privations, and with whose little boys my dear little Joseph used to play at hide and seek in the p ar k)—together with an innumerable host of plebeian rela tives and acquaintances, being part and parcel of our family pedigree: these, sir, you will find in our album on the drawing-room table. This card picture is no ordinary picture; it is an extra ordinary picture, and I will now tell you all about its manu facture. The cards on which the prints are mounted, and which are denominated the “ mounts,” are each four inches long by two inches and one-third wide ; these mounts can be had ready prepared, plain or ornamented with a gilt border, at the photographic ware establishments, whose advertisements you will find in this journal. The prints are smaller than the cards, leaving a margin of about one-tenth of an inch on the two sides and on the top ; the margin at the bottom is about a quarter of an inch. The paper on which such pic tures are printed is of the finest albumenized quality, that is, the texture of the paper itself is homogeneous and free from asperities, and the albumen is communicated to the surface uniformly and free from flaws. Some persons prefer plain salted paper for such pictures; but it is not advisable to make it your practice to print on such paper for such pur poses, because you cannot obtain the same fine definition on a paper surface as can be obtained on an albumen surface. The prints in question present the model without inversion, being the result of solar printing beneath a negative. Ny task, therefore, resolves itself into that of taking a negatill on glass. Glass for negatives must be flat, homogeneous, free from flaws, and as transparent as possible ; for card pictures it is cut to the quarter-size. The edges of each piece are ground, and the glass itself is prepared for the reception of the collo dion, and in like manner sensitized, as already explained in a former lesson. The developer may be either protosulphate of iron or pyrogallic acid. I do not use the same developer for nega tives and positives. It is preferable to have less of the iron salt, in comparison with water, for a negative than for A positive, in order that you may watch the progress of the development easily, and also in order that you may flow the place entirely before the development commences. I us for my Negative Developer. Protosulphate of iron (pure) ... 40 grains Water 4 ounces Alcohol 2 drachms Acetic acid 3 drachms Or, No. 1. Pyrogallic acid ... ... ... 12 grains Acetic acid 1 ounce (To be kept in the dark-room). No. 2. No. 1 1 drachm Water 7 drachms Alcohol 20 drops (To be used immediately.)
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