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The photographic news
- Bandzählung
- 6.1862
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- 1862
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- Hochschule für Grafik und Buchkunst Leipzig
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- Hochschule für Grafik und Buchkunst Leipzig
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- Bandzählung
- No. 194, May 23, 1862
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Zeitschrift
The photographic news
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Band 6.1862
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- Register Index 619
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Band 6.1862
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MAY 23, 1862.] THE PHOTOGRAPHIC NEWS. 245 .862. The purpose show what qua quantity of nitrate of silver is taken up by float- serva- of hich I now proceed to state how much of this may be recovered. ftu an angular rotation of thirty degrees. It is as if the artist had turned so much around the planet to procure a pair of images of it. Placed in the stereoscope, these beautiful en- Already a learned Russian has taken advantage of analogous images of the moon, to study certain very delicate points in the confirmation of our satellite. In conclusion, the photographic proofs and engravings of Mr. Warren De la Rue possess great scientific value; they merit our approbation. I have the honour to propose to the Academic that it communicates our testimony of their value and importance to the learned secretary of the Royal Astronomical Society of London. graphers who still do so. of my observations this evening will be to ing paper for printing purposes, how much of that quantity may be recovered, and what savings may be effected from other sources of waste. It has been asserted that only five per cent, of the silver employed in sensitizing paper goes to form the picture. This may be; but what I propose now to do, is to state the amount that can, in ordinary manipulation, be recovered with very little trouble, and without any great aptitude for chemical operations. It must be understood, therefore, that larger quantities than those I shall mention may be obtained if the processes be followed out with chemical accuracy. I may state that the results I shall bring before you are reliable, they having been arrived at by working with considerable quantities, and having been verified by repeti tions. down to sixty-two grains to the ounce. The original bath, therefore, contained 3920 grains of nitrate of silver, and the bath, after the floating of the paper, 3007 grains—showing a diminution of 913 grains, and an appropriation by each sheet of sixty grains, or one drachm, which, with nitrate of * Read at a meeting of the Manchester Photographic Society, April 2nd, one not beyond our comprehension. | 1802, and reported in the Society’s organ, ON THE EXPENDITURE OF SILVER USED IN PHOTOGRAPHIC OPERATIONS, AND ON THE SAVING THAT MAY BE EFFECTED. BY WILLIAM TUDOR MABLEY.* In the early days of photography but little was thought of the expenditure of salts of silver: we were only too happy if we gained satisfactory results, irrespective of expense. As the art advanced, it was observed that but a very small por tion of the silver employed entered into the composition of the picture; and those who practised it largely began to turn their attention to the saving of that which had been allowed to flow away from the sink. At present professional photographers, for the most part, economise their expenditure of silver solutions, but the great bulk of those who practise the art as amateurs do to this day throw away a considerable quantity, which may be easily saved: there are, indeed, some among professional photo- To carry out the first point, viz., the expenditure of silver —I floated fifteen whole sheets of paper ; and this I did the one after the other, so as to avoid any error which would arise from allowing the solution to remain any length of time in the dish, or from the pouring of it backward and forward. These fifteen sheets were floated upon a bath of nitrate of silver, containing fifty-six ounces, at seventy grains to the ounce. Immediately this was done, the solution was again measured, and was found to have lost seven and a-half ounces ; but, at the same time, it had decreased in strength teeSa arb sus?”‘V 1-5) e ’ • tioP at th ed at iow j ving V cular," int veen 1 tained" i by t solleng ag% will, i Rue" , metl. imp?" ave 8" ul wo rs, or M 1 Fred the itting proo ic VJ d di" • UP guisb J npli ume0°e U ’ d > the8 to v, ngl ce the reciated. familiat it enter- nel, NIr artment English origins' in order >e better iithfullf ts, occ uched to : all at lem. ! e in th® liantbo >e usel red fro” proble of 184 : subjod also st. But what removes these designs from the category ordinary representations of the celestial bodies, and wh will especially excite the attention of the Academic is the putting in practice of an idea at the same time original and profound. The distance of these planets is such, that their images always appear, even in the largest telescopes like flat figures, xithout relief, as on maps. It would be physically impos- sible to apply the method of the stereoscope in such cases; for no two places on the surface of the earth would be suffi- ciently distant to give the necessary visual angle. Mr. Be la Rue has wished, nevertheless, to make the planets be seen stereoscopically, and he has succeeded. Instead of varying the point of sight, which is impossible, he has varied the moment of observation by some hours, or by some years, according to circumstances. Two images of Mars, obtained at an interval of two hours, correspond for this planet, to last great comet. We have next the designs of the planets Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn. Those of Mars are admirable. I judge of them by memory, for it is a long time since I observed this planet; but I had the good fortune to study it at the Faris Obr tory with.M. Lerebour’s great lens, at a time when this lens had undergone no alteration, and no design has ever recalled my impressions of that period in so striking a manner as these of Mr. De la Rue. Again, the continuous study of the solar disc presents to us one of the best means of verifying the hypothesis of a group of asteroids in the region of Mercury, which that enig matical planet which M. Lescarbault’s observations led us for a time to hope would soon be in our possession. Now the proper means of attacking the questions I now raise, and all those reserved for the future, is photography. With photography we do not incur the risk of losing our time in the pursuit of a false idea, for we register all the phenomena at once, those which interest the science of the present day, and those which the science of the future may hereafter claim for observation. Well executed photographs taken on a large scale, and susceptible of exact measurement, are com plete and unimpeachable witnesses, which may be as pro fitably consulted a century hence as now. We cannot, there fore, receive with too much favour the recent progress accom plished by Mr. De la Rue in this direction, in which he has for some time past acquired a pre-eminent and indisputable authority ; but, at the same time, that this direction be not neglected by us, we must not cease to point it out to persons occupied with photography scientifically, and to show our selves disposed to welcome the results of their efforts. I now pass to designs of another kind, which Mr. De la Rue has also presented to us. These designs are based upon minute micrometric measure, executed with the aid of a Newtonian telescope of 13 inches aperture. We first remark several representations of the great comets of 1858 and 1861. These cometary designs are very beautiful. Yet we find the contours too marked, too hard, the details too forcible. I fear that these defects will prevent astronomers from eon- suiting them, if not with benefit, at least with entire confi dence. In spite of their merit and perfect execution by the engraver, these plates please me less than those of the comet of Donati by Mr. Bond, and those of Padre Secchi of the — o- • 1U• 1 IaceC 111 Uile SUereOSCOPC, UleSC VcauUMI Vil- 1.... ■ . . . , • gravings must produce a grand effect. With Saturn, of silver at four shillings the ounce, is just Sixpence in money which all the superficial changes assume a figure of revolu- value. It must, however, be remarked that the result will tion about the axis of rotation, the same method leads to no somewhat vary accordingly as the paper has more or less result; but two images of Saturn, taken at an interval of albumen, more or less chloride, or is thick or thin. The three years and a half, give, in respect to the ring of that paper that Lused was of an average quality of albumenized Planet, the same stereoscopic effect, and exhibit the motion paper, and the result may fairly be taken as an example. of translation around the sun. I venture to beg of the .1 now proceed to state how much of this may be recovered. Academic to have constructed a stereoscope of suitable The. first thing “t" save the drippings. Hie most con- simensjons 80 that w e may all enjoy the pleasure of this | venient method of doing this, to my mind, 18 to suspend mKuar Planetary relief, which so naturally represents an unnatural effect, but ’ ' ’
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