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The photographic news
- Bandzählung
- 6.1862
- Erscheinungsdatum
- 1862
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- Englisch
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- F 135
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- Hochschule für Grafik und Buchkunst Leipzig
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- Hochschule für Grafik und Buchkunst Leipzig
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- http://digital.slub-dresden.de/id1780948042-18620000
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- Bandzählung
- No. 188, April 11, 1862
- Digitalisat
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Zeitschrift
The photographic news
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Band 6.1862
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- Ausgabe Ausgabe 73
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- Register Index 619
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Band 6.1862
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very little machinery, but of very smooth workings, as your readers will see by the brief rules appended. Rules of tub Amateur Puorognapmc EXCIrANgE Club. “1-None but amateurs in the art shall be recognized as members, and the number shall not exceed forty. “2.—No member shall forward for exchange any work not his own. ’ *‘3.—Every member shall forward each other member on or before the 15th of January, March, May, July, September, and November, at least one stereoscopic print, a copy of which has not been sent before, or its equiva lent, mounted and finished. “Every member shall keep a book account with each other member, charging each print sent, and crediting all received. Should any members desire to exchange with any others oftencr than bi-monthly, they can do so by agreement. “ 5.—Any one failing to send one print bi-monthly, shall be struck off the book of the party he fails to send to, unless satisfactory reason is given for his default. “6.— All photographs must be properly labelled with a descriptive name, the name of the artist, and the date of the printing, and they must be . guaranteed not to fade for two years ; and if toned by experimental process, must be marked ‘ Experiment.’ "7.—Two unmounted prints shall be equivalent to one mounted and finished of the same size. Two card or quarter-plate pictures shall be equiva lent to one stereoscopic, and two stereoscopic to one whole plate. Three paper stereographs shall be equivalent to one on glass. The simplicity constitutes the success of the club. It has been in operation six months, and many hundred photo graphs of all sizes have changed hands. “ The dry processes have been adopted by almost all the pleasure-working fraternity, although two of our best artists, Coleman Sellers and Robert Shriver, still adhere to the old system of a tent, two assistants, wagon, water buckets ' and a’ that, and a’ that.’ But we will convert even them this season, as there is proposed a grand photographic tour over the late battle fields, and when they, wet with perspiration, each one with a baggage-van, toil beside us dry, with camera and a dozen pictures under one arm, then we shall see ‘ a change come o’er the spirit of their dream.’ “ The main reason of the slow introduction of dry plates here is universal use of iron developer, and consequent igno rance of the usage of pyrogallic.* Our galleries now use the sulph. pottass. to intensify negatives altogether, the fine r results of pyro and silver being seldom if ever sought for. “ The hot water development of tannin plates is now the subject of the day with us. I presume you have ere this the particulars of the working of it. Portraits have been taken under a skylight on tannin dry plates in the usual wet collodion time, and developed by this process with per fect success; but as yet there is no unanimity of opinion about the certainty of success, but we fully agree that it is (in American slang) ‘ a big thing.' “ Pardon me for writing you such a long letter in the start, for the ladies say the first call must always be a short one, and 1’11 promise to do better hereafter.—Yours respect fully, F. F. Thompson.” “ G. Wharton Simpson, Esq., Editor PHOrOGRAPHIC News, London." • ALCOLENE, OR COLLODION WITHOUT ETHER. Every one who has experimented much in the manufacture of collodion is familiar with the fact that on adding abso lute alcohol to pyroxyline made at a high temperature, the latter has become glutinous and has partially dissolved. Mr. Sutton has recently made some interesting experiments for utilizing the solution thus obtained, and for fixing the conditions under which it is produced. We extract from two recent numbers of the Notes his description of the cha racteristics and manufacture of the preparation , which he has styled “ Alcolene." “ Alcolene is a somewhat thick fluid, resembling a warm solution of starch. It is perfectly colourless when iodized with the usual potassium iodizer, and would probably remain without colour for any length of time. But in making this remark we must be understood to allude to the common iodide of potassium * In a recent conversation with a photographer who had just returned from the States, he informed us that pyrogallic acid was not kept by dealers in New York. He had to try photographic house after photographic house, without success, and finally got it at an establishment where rare photo graphic chemicals were kept.—Ed. 170 THE PHOTOGRAPHIC NEWS. [April 11,1862. 1 which gives a colourless alcoholic solution. The pure iodiu 1 free from carbonate, is yellow, and this gives of course a yellow tint to the alcoholic solution, and therefore to the iodized Alco lene. “ When a glass plate is coated with Alcolene it flows upon the surface exactly like boiled oil, and as it sets slowly it may be run backwards and forwards over the same place without leaving the marks called curtains, which occur so frequently with common collodion containing a large per centage of ether. The best way of coating a plate seems to be to let the whole body of fluid, after the plate has been covered, flow back again over the plate, and then pour it off from the corner to which it was first allowed to run. Unless this is done, that is to say if the plate is coated in the usual way, there will be found a number of fine parallel diagonal lines in the film produced by the draining towards the bottom corner, and which cannot be got rid of by the ordinary mode of rocking the plate. “ The film requires at this season about three minutes to set, and may then be immersed in the nitrate bath. Strange to say, it exhibits the same greasy lines as a common collodion film when put into the bath, but these disappear in the usual way when the iodide of silver has been completely formed. It is an erroneous supposition, therefore, that these greasy lines pro ceed from the ether in the film. In order to make sure that ether had nothing to do with them we made a new bath, and the lines occurred in the same way as with an old bath. The greasy lines upon the film when it is first put into the nitrate bath proceed therefore from the repulsion which exists between pyroxyline and water; and this explains the occurrence of the lines a second time on putting a plate fresh from the nitrate bath in a bath of distilled water. This is a new fact which it has been interesting to establish. And another fact may be mentioned here, before we forget it, viz., that the yellow colour which iodide of potassium imparts to collodion is entirely due to the ether which the collodion contains; because Alcolene iodized with potassium is colourless, but takes the well-known yellow colour of iodized collodion as soon as ether is added to it “ The excited film has a beautiful, even, delicate appearance, and is not what is called creamy; its characteristic quality being freedom from all kinds of markings, curtains, and irregu larities. In fact there is no collodion gives so faultless a film as Alcolene. The nearest approach to it is that given by collo dion with alcohol largely in excess of the ether. “ The exposure in the camera is the same as with the best samples of common collodion. There is, however, this remark able property with alcolene, that the negative does not becomo reddened and solarized in the overexposed parts. We have given to one-half of a plate exposed in a stereoscopic camers, sufficient exposure to bring out all the details of the deepest shadows and greens, and to the other half of the same plate four times that exposure, without solarizing any part of the negative, or producing any difference in the density of the two pictures. The subject was a whitewashed house in full suu- shine, with a background of dark rocks and evergreens iu shadow; and difficult as such subjects are, the negative was soft and even, and quite clean in the transparent parts. II seems, therefore, that you cannot on the one hand easily solar ize a negative upon alcolene, or on the other hand for it by over-exposure. These may turn out to be valuable properties of this compound, whether, used alone, or added to other collo dion. “ When the iodizer contains tho usual quantity of water the developer flows freely upon the film ; but when the iodize contains no water, as in the case of iodide of cadmium dissolve 1 ' in absolute alcohol, the developer will not flow at all, bu shrinks from tho film like water from a greasy surface. “ Tho cadmium iodizer does not gelatinize alcolene, and when it is made with alcohol of the proper strength (-820), tlo compound works well. “ With respect to the strength and adhesiveness of the film It might bo supposed that such a substance as alcolene woul. adhere tightly to tho glass, like starch, or gum arabic, but th contrary is tho case. Tho film is very tender and skinny, and care must be taken in tho final washing, or tho negative willl torn and destroyed. There is, however, a very simple remed! for this evil, viz., instead of drying and polishing tho plates, 28 usual, to coat them, while wet, with albumen, and then appj the alcolene to tho albumenized plate, when dry. We ha' taken some capital negatives in this way, and they may washed with considerable violence under the pump, witlou injuring tho film. Apr “Th able so! Sary de This is Which ■ "A’ Occur commo quickly to use. danger We ca for coll would qualiti fainly dion n great { “So collodi for a 1' film oi silver and b; first ft of alec Wet pl “ Ti it peri of vit 1-400. the m into a as wil float. 175°. of the wool ■ The I tuft a about the b instr as tm in fiv tuft, acids into; rods this pyro: wash out r dry i « I acid the c will shor of it to pi we a ham lute Shal solv usua usut plai grai read a v< <c mal live not the tion befi
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