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The photographic news
- Bandzählung
- 12.1868
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- 1868
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- Bandzählung
- No. 487, January 3, 1868
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Zeitschrift
The photographic news
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Band 12.1868
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- Titelblatt Titelblatt I
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- Register The Index To Volume XII 619
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THE PHOTOGRAPHIC NEWS. Vol. XI. No. 487.—January 3,-1868. CONTENTS. PAGE Photography During the Past Year 1 The Moist Morphine Process 2 The Late M. 3 Critical Notices 3 Echoes of the Month. By an Old Photographer 5 Foreign Miscellanea 6 Fireside Musings. By W. T. Bovey 7 Prices of Photographs in America 8 PAGE The Magic Lantern and Photography. By James Martin 9 Stereoscopic Micro-Photography 10 Lectures on Art 10 Correspondence—India-rubber for Mounting—Making a Bellows Camera 11 Talk in the Studio 11 To Correspondents... 11 PHOTOGRAPHY DURING THE PAST YEAR. The year which is just closed can scarcely be said to have added many special facts to the sum of our pho tographic knowledge. And if progress could only be measured by the record of discoveries made, or novelties introduced, the past year might not unnaturally be regarded as a stagnant and profitless one. Such an estimate would, however, be unjust, for notwithstanding the existence of much that is depressing in the commercial condition of the science, and much that is unsatisfactory in its practice, the mental activity which has prevailed during the last twelve months, the anxiety which has been manifested by many to elevate the art, and to improve its results, are all illustrations of a healthy vitality in the photographic community, and indications of a promising future for the art. There has been no change made in the ordinary negative process with wet collodion, although a better understanding of some of the conditions of success has been attained. An important aid to the preservation of plates during long exposures has been introduced by Mr. Valentine Blanchard. One of the chief difficulties arising during the long keeping of wet plates has arisen from the concentration of the free- silver solution on the plate, caused by evaporation. The concentrated solution has at times tended to crystallize on the plate and cause stains; at other times it has com menced to redissolve the iodide of silver already formed in the film, and so cause stains. Mr. Blanchard has met the difficulty by employing a collodion with a larger share of bromide than usual, and allowing the plate to remain in the nitrate bath only a short time, so that a portion of the bromide in the film remains unconverted into bromide of silver, The result is that the free nitrate of silver solution left on the plate, instead of becoming stronger or more con centrated by evaporation, is really becoming weaker by the process of double decomposition which is going on between the silver and the unconverted bromide left in the plate. A two hours exposure in hot weather has produced no evil results where this method has been adopted. Matt silver stains, pinholes, and streaks, have still con tinued to trouble some photographers. As regards the first, besides the above means of prevention, the remedy we indicated a year or two ago is now generally recognized as meeting a large number of cases. We suggested the use of collodion which did not give a repellent film, the addition occasionally of a drop or two of water to each ounce of collodion, and the use of iodides with bases forming in the silver bath hygroscopic salts. With these conditions and usual precautions as to cleanliness of the inner frames, little risk of matt silver stains will be incurred. On the subject of pinholes, little or nothing has been added to our knowledge during the year; but known remedies meet the majority of cases. Streaks in the direction of the dip—a simple trouble which has puzzled many experienced photo graphers to get rid of—have made their annual autumnal appearance; but it is now generally found that the rapid vertical or lateral movement of the plate in the bath imme diately on immersion, instead of allowing it to rest for half a minute as usual, completely removes the evil. The importance of using a ripe collodion has excited some attention. With a freely bromized collodion, and one in which the iodide and bromide of cadmium is solely or largely employed, it is found that the collodion loses nothing in sensitiveness, and gains in many other good qualities by months or years of keeping. The experience of Mr. Eng land, one of our ablest landscape photographers, verifies this practice. In dry collodion processes the year has been more rich in good results than in any other branch of the art. Simpli city, sensitiveness, and certainty have been attained in several processes in a higher degree than had before been secured in dry plates. A simplified collodio-albumen process, by Mr. England, in which the preparation of the plate is com pleted at one operation and with one bath, has been found in his own practice sufficiently trustworthy to be employed com mercially instead of the wet process ; and during the summer he obtained by it upwards of 400 negatives of Rhine scenery. Mr. Bartholomew’s acetate of morphine process is, perhaps, more simple and sensitive still, the exposure being less than double that of dry plates. Its only drawback is uncertain keeping qualities. Mr. R. Manners Gordon has worked out a modified gum process, which in keeping qualities and excellence of result leave nothing to be desired. A modifi cation of Mr. Sayce’s collodio-bromide process has been reduced to something like absolute certainty, and plates prepared by it and sold commercially at Liverpool appear to be, from many reports, uniformly excellent and trust worthy. Little difficulty need now be experienced by dry plate workers, since dry plates suited to almost any condition may be readily bought or easily prepared. There has been but comparatively little progress in enlarg ing processes. The most important novelty in this direction is the application of a well-known principle to a compa ratively new purpose, by which very excellent enlargements are easily produced. An enlarged transparency is taken in the camera, toned to a suitable tint, and transferred to plain paper; the result, if well done, is a picture resembling an albuminized print. There are three definite advantages to recommend this method of enlarging: it is simple, and does not require either fresh apparatus or fresh ex perience out of the usual range of a portraitist’s practice ; the delicacy of the image on collodion largely compensates for the loss of sharpness consequent upon enlargement; and there is considerable hope of permanency in a developed print on collodion, as it has, in fact, the same bases for stability as a negative.
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