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The photographic news
- Bandzählung
- 12.1868
- Erscheinungsdatum
- 1868
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- Englisch
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- Hochschule für Grafik und Buchkunst Leipzig
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- Hochschule für Grafik und Buchkunst Leipzig
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- Bandzählung
- No. 538, December 24, 1868
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Zeitschrift
The photographic news
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Band
Band 12.1868
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- Titelblatt Titelblatt I
- Kapitel Preface III
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- Register The Index To Volume XII 619
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Band 12.1868
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614 THE PHOTOGRAPHIC NEWS. [December 24, 1868. ground himself first of all in its simple framework by a study of rules, and assiduous practice, for practice’ sake, of those rules. We have before quoted, and we now repeat, an admirable remark by Dr. Thompson, bearing on the ques tion : “ Every art, from reasoning to riding and rowing, is learned by assiduous practice ; and if principles do any good, it is proportioned to the readiness with which they can be converted into rules, and the patient constancy with which they are applied in all our attempts at excel lence.” In the series of lessons just completed, recognized rules have been clearly stated, and principles have been, as far as possible, stated with the simplicity and precision of rules, and their application clearly pointed out and illustrated. It remains for the student to put them into practice. o PHOTOGRAPHY IN CONNECTION WITH THE ABYSSINIAN EXPEDITION. BY H. BADEN PRITCHARD, OF THE GEXENLAL PIIOTOGRAPIIIC ESTAJLISHIEXT OF THE WAR DEPARTMENT.* The greater part of the varnish (chloroform and amber) was found unsuitable for use in a hot climate, out of doors, as the film did not harden rapidly, and was frequently rendered tacky by the heat; this was the more annoying from the circumstance that whenever a negative was taken, copies of the same were required to be printed off imme diately. For work of this description, Sergeant Harrold prefers to use Newman’s Diamond Negative Varnish. With but few exceptions, the chemicals and appliances were in first-rate order, and worked almost without a hitch. In copying plans—an operation which was, of course, conducted in the open air—much difficulty was expe rienced from the breezes which blew almost incessantly in the vicinity of the mountains. Often the maps were blown right off the copying-table; and during exposure it was frequently necessary to keep brushing the dust and sand from the original, a proceeding which sometimes militated against the sharpness of the reproductions. Work had to be undertaken at all times, so that at any moment the photographers were ordered to fall out on the line of march, whatever might be the state of the weather, and the likelihood or possibility of success. When the duty had been performed, successfully or unsuccessfully, as the case might be, the boxes were packed, the mules saddled, and the head-quarters caught up again as soon as possible. Paper was sensitized over night whenever a halt was made, about sixty sheets being prepared at a time, occupying the staff between four and five hours. Early in the morning the prepared paper was rolled in sheets of blotting-paper, and stowed away as far from the light as possible ; and on arriving at the next encampment printing was at once commenced. After toning and fixing, the prints were washed for two or three hours, and if water happened to be plentiful, which was very seldom the case, the same was changed several times during the night. When the pictures were urgently required, they received but an imperfect and hasty washing; but otherwise they were packed moist in blotting-paper, and again washed on the first opportunity ; when the prints dried in contact with the paper, the latter required to be carefully moist ened before a separation was attempted, as pictures in this condition are very liable to injury. The squaring and mounting operations were performed without difficulty. It will be a question in future operations of this kind whether, instead of printing the plans on paper and mounting them afterwards on linen, it would not be better for field purposes if they were produced direct from the fabric. The material might be kept ready stiffened and albuminized; the sensitizing and printing operations would not be more laborious or time-taking, and the amount of washing required would be very small, as the ♦ Continued from p. 603 water readily permeates the fabric. The time gained by shortening the process of washing, and obviating alto gether that of mounting, would be considerable. A subject of regret is the fact that a greal deal of useless work was sometimes performed on account of the ignor ance of photographic matters on the part of staff officers who gave orders. This occurred the more frequently from the fact that Colonel Pritchard’s command was so exten sive that he was unable to give the photographers his un divided attention. Such a state of things would easily be avoided in future by sending an officer well skilled in pho tography in immediate charge of the party; it would then be possible to question the feasibility of an order upon its receipt, instead of vainly endeavouring to obey an impos sible mandate, and wasting valuable time and materials unnecessarily. In many cases, in taking landscape pic tures, a rough, imperfect sketch was frequently all that was required; but even this, under unfavourable circmn- stances, is sometimes quite as difficult to secure as a per fect picture With soldiers there is, however, no appeal; and an order given must be obeyed if possible. So some times the mules had to be halted and the boxes unpacked during a long march in a drizzling rain, in order that a picture might be attempted of some mountain or other, the top of which was enveloped in a dense fog, simply be cause a staff officer had expressed himself to the effect that the whole would make a grand picture. The scarcity of water on the line of route was a serious evil : several negatives had frequently to be washed in the same water, and the prints fared no better. Besides, the water was in general badly adapted to photographic pur poses, being very hard and full of chlorides, involving, therefore, great waste of silver in its employment; a distil ling apparatus had been provided for purifying the water, but the latter was always so scarce, and time so pressing, that the still was rarely resorted to. From the fact that the majority of negatives taken were those of maps re quiring a lengthened and more varied treatment than ordinary plates, in order to produce a film of considerable density, the want of an abundant supply of water was felt more seriously than would have been the case in ordinary manipulations. On inspecting the landscape and other negatives taken by the chief photographer and his assistants, it will be seen that they include many creditable productions ; and when we remember that not a single one of them was specially selected for the camera by the photographers themselves, and that the series of sixty negatives has not been weeded out, but represent the whole number produced to order, sometimes with the sun shining directly into the camera, sometimes when the sun had gone down, sometimes with the camera in the sunlight and the object to be reproduced in a covered tent, at most unseasonable times, at all hours, after long marches, and by men who had besides to perform the duties of soldiers—I say, when we bear in mind the circumstances under which the operators laboured, the work they have performed is highly com mendable. There is, however, one more picture which should have been included in the set our friends have brought home, and which is eagerly sought for by every examiner of the sketches ; its absence is regretted, how ever, by nobody so much as by Colonel Pritchard himself, who was indefatigable in his endeavours to obtain inter esting subjects for the camera, but who was unfortu nately wounded at the storming of Magdala, and, there fore, unable to perform any active duties for some days after the death of King Theodore. An order was sent down by General Napier to obtain a picture of the fallen chief, but, owing to some delay, the instructions were not given to the Engineers until after the interment; the authority for visiting the body reached Sergeant Harrold one hour too late, and thus has been lost all record of those features, a delineation of which by photography, even of the crudest description, would have been of great
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