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The photographic news
- Bandzählung
- 12.1868
- Erscheinungsdatum
- 1868
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- Englisch
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- Hochschule für Grafik und Buchkunst Leipzig
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- Hochschule für Grafik und Buchkunst Leipzig
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- Bandzählung
- No. 530, October 30, 1868
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Zeitschrift
The photographic news
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Band
Band 12.1868
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- Titelblatt Titelblatt I
- Kapitel Preface III
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- Register The Index To Volume XII 619
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Band
Band 12.1868
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526 HE PHOTOGRAPHIC NEWS. by the sama hand and from the sama formula require, and dwells on the difficulty of getting paper that will print a la Salomon, and on advantages innumerable to be derived from a knowledge of salting formul. If Mr, Cherrill had spent half the years of toil and experimental research over the matter that I have done, he would know that a practical printer, worthy of the name, needs no knowledge of the exact amount of salt contained in the paper he uses ; the first print satisfies him on that point sufficiently for his purpose and the satis factory progress of his operations. Besides, ho could under take to produce half a dozen kinds of prints from one ready sensitized sheet of paper and from one negative. It is not a knowledge, derived from the dealer, of salting recipes that would bribe grim Charon to row the perplexed printer on the sunny side of the photographer’s Styx, that bubbles and heaves with lesser troubles. Experience, and good, hard study, form the talisman, and until that experience is gained, paper and paper albuminizers will be the scapegoats of those who fail of uniform success. Years have such spent in fruitless grumblings, and, except indirectly, their complainings have extracted no response. But the gauntlet has now been hurled by a strong arm. The accusing knight is Mr. Cherrill; his herald, yourself, sir, whom I have the honour to address. To hesitate longer would savour of pusilanimity; I therefore, on behalf of my craft, accept the glove with kind intent, and am ready and willing to do battle. Meanwhile, if your readers think it would prove advantageous to themselves if the salting formulae I adopt were made known, they are welcome to the information :— No. 1.—Chloride of ammonium ... ... 5 grains Chloride of barium 3 „ Albumen (fresh and pure) 1 ounce. No. 2.—Chloride of ammonium 10 grains Chloride ot barium... 6 „ Albumen (as before) 1 ounce. Now go to work on the information, and ease you of your troubles. It is not, you will find, the amount of salt used which makes the pudding light; it is the manner in which the ingre dients are mixed and stirred ; and to expect good prints because you know the amount of salt the paper contains is similar to expecting tender beef and mutton because the soil on which the animals fed is familiar to you. I would undertake to pro duce prints scarcely differing in tone and quality from any half-dozen samples of paper prepared by any half-dozen honest dealers. In conclusion, I hope all my brethren in the paper' trade will respond to your courteous invitation, and freely pronounce their opinions concerning the true cause of the torments they are being daily subjected to. Requesting that you will kindly insert this letter in its entirety, I remain, yours respectfully, Willesden, October 2G, 1868. W. T. Bovey. DISTORTION AND PERSPECTIVE. Sib,— I am obliged to Mr. Winstanley for setting me right in that part of my letter relating to reflection from the surface of a mirror ; and as the fallacy was mine, I hasten to make the “amende honourable ” to Mr. Cherrill. I trust, however, that the subject involved in the latter part of my communication— viz., the pseudo-perspective effect produced by the too near approximation of the lens to the object to be copied—may still be worked out for the benefit of the many to whom the estab lishment of some simple laws embracing all the conditions would be a great boon. Fond as I have ever been of photo graphy, I have always seemed to recognize that the photo graphic representation in portraiture was seldom or never as the eye would see the natural object. If the plane of the sitter’s head was absolutely vertical to the optic axis, the representa tion of the head would be passable ; but let the forehead project ever so little, and there would be exaggeration of that part in the picture; or, on the contrary, recline the head back, even slightly, and although all the details might be fully rendered, yet the prominence of the jaw and the narrowing of the fore head would be something more than unbecoming; they would have properties and give effects which. certainly the human eye would not recognize in the figure itself when so posed. A figure may be “ foreshortened ” in nature without producing the idea of distortion. Why should it not be so in a photo graph ? Swing backs have been adapted to cameras to assimi late the plane of the picture to the general plane of the object, but they only partly overcome the difficulty; the eye detects [October 30, 1868. that there is a fault in the representation, and the ingenuity of the photographic artist is taxed to dissimulate the deformity. It must not be forgotten that a perfect rendering of the detail of the several parts of a picture is proved to be perfectly com patible with a pseudo-perspective representation of that picture as a whole, as witness the performances of panoramic lenses, where near objects seem shown as much too large as the dis tant ones appear too small; and I hold that we have this in a modified degree in our portrait photography. It seems to ms that the points I have named are nearly, if not quite, inde pendent of the spherical aberration of the lens; and I think the natural and practical question arises for discussion, Hoff far should we be from the anterior plane of the objects we wish to represent, in order that the lens should not only give the proper amount of detail, but should render all the parts in harmonious proportion ?—Yours, &c., John Anthony, M.D. Washwood Heath, near Birmingham, October 24, 1868. Sir,—Your correspondent, and my good friend, Mr. David Winstanley, corrects John Anthony, M.D., for an alleged error in that gentleman’s communication to you on the above subject. It appears to me that Mr. Anthony is right, and Mr. Winstanley mistaken. As a practical proof I would suggest the following experiment. Place a man twelve feet behind some transparent partition, as a sheet of glass or transparent gauge, and let him hold ont his hand before his body, say at three feet distance. Let him bo photographed from a lens placed at twelve feet on the opposite side of the partition, so that the subject of the photo grapher is twenty-four teet from the lens. Then let a mirror be substituted for the sheet of glass or gauge, let the same man take up his position by the side ot the lens, twelve feet from the looking-glass, and let the photographer reproduce him (with his hand stretched out as before) from his reflected image in the glass. I will venture to say that the relative sizes of the hand in proportion to the head in the two photographs will be totally different; that is, in the first, the hand will appear enlarged to the proper proportion, considering it is three feet in advance of the head and body ; in the latter, the hand will appear as if it were six feet in advance.—I am, sir, yours truly, Augustus DULCKEN. MR. FRY’S MODE OF MASKING. Sir,—The new method of masking described in your last, as practised by Mr. Samuel Fry, seems to be very ingenious, but I fear more ingenious than practicable. It seems to me that there are several difficulties in the way of using it to good pur pose. Putting aside the fact that the loss of sharpness which must arise from the use of a mask placed outside the negative must have an injurious effect, there is, I think, a still greater difficulty arising from the nature of the mask. Let mo ex plain, for to understand the case clearly it is necessary to follow the operation carefully to its ultimate issues. As you have described, a transparency from a negative must be exactly the converse of the negative, and a print taken from the transparency would be a negative blackest in the highest lights, lightest in the darkest shadows. When, there fore, a print wanting in half-tone, because printed from a hard negative, is placed under a transparency from the same nega tive and exposed to the light, it will not be the missing half tones which will be impressed, but the lights which will be degraded. The high lights in the mask, being the most trans parent, will permit the light to pass through first, gradually producing in the print a dark spot, or a series of dark spots, in the very places which should be kept as pure lights. In the parts adjoining the pure lights, the transparency admitting a little less light, the print will acquire a little detail, but in in verse ratio to its requirements, the gradation being darker towards the lights and fainter towards the shadows, an effect which must be destructive of modelling. Ono allusion in your article implies a knowledge of this, but the matter required, t think, more fully elucidating.—Yours, R. F• Dear Sir,—I think that photographers are greatly indehted to Mr. Fry for a valuable suggestion for improving detests prints, but I think that it should be made very clear that > only available in case of very hard negatives, and that a dodge should be applied with great judgment, otherw
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