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The photographic news
- Bandzählung
- 12.1868
- Erscheinungsdatum
- 1868
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- Englisch
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- F 135
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- Hochschule für Grafik und Buchkunst Leipzig
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- Hochschule für Grafik und Buchkunst Leipzig
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- Public Domain Mark 1.0
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- LDP: Historische Bestände der Hochschule für Grafik und Buchkunst Leipzig
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- Bandzählung
- No. 527, October 9, 1868
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Zeitschrift
The photographic news
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Band
Band 12.1868
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- Titelblatt Titelblatt I
- Kapitel Preface III
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- Register The Index To Volume XII 619
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very evident. But if the light be limited to one plane by a slit placed in front of the lens, it disappears, as might be expected. The experiment may be varied by placing before the lens an opaque diaphragm, such as a piece of card hoard pierced with a number of small holes, by moviug which about the composition of the pencil may be easily studied. Inasmuch, then, as the light is so variably distributed over the section—sometimes concentrated on the circumference, sometimes at the centre, or both—the question arises, What is to be taken as the measure of the distinctness of the image? How far would a concentration of light to wards the centre compensate for an increased diameter of the section? Although the answer is essential to a complete theory of the image formed by an uncorrected lens, I am not aware that it has ever been given. Possibly the nature of the original object would have to be taken into account. In the mean time, photographers will not hesitate. The choice practically lies between a flat-headed pencil with which no fine line or delicate tracing can be made (except over a limited portion of the picture), and the sharp central point of light, with the condition imposed that the ground must be gone over with a stump, softening, but not obli terating, the details. In fact, the image formed by an uncor rected lens, properly used, may be regarded as compounded of a multitude of images superposed on one another of all degrees of distinctness, the first roughly sketching the prin cipal masses of light and shade, the intermediate ones giving all but the minute details, which are at length filled deli cately in by the last perfect component image. Some time ago it was proposed in the PHOTOGRAPIIIC News to submit the exposed plate for a short time to the action of weak diffused light, with a view of thereby giving additional softness, and of reducing the time of exposure in the camera. This method of procedure was not altogether unsuccessful in cases where, for some reason, it was impossible to allow the full time required for the formation of the in visible image. But it will be seen at once how far prefer able it is to increase the aperture of the lens, even though the rays from the added part be not in focus on the plate, for in stead of a uniform action fogging the shadows at the same time that it strengthens the lights and half-tones, we have, at the worst, the same uniform action over the lights of the picture, while the masses of deep shadows are spared. I have confined myself entirely to the subject proposed, and have made no reference to chromatic aberration, although what has been said is in great measure applicable to it. When the question is examined with that object, it may possibly be found that the importance of perfect achro matism has been also exaggerated, although the difference in average refrangibility between the luminous and chemi cally-acting rays will always be an impediment to the em ployment of chromatic lenses. There would be very little difficulty if the lens were always used under the same con ditions, as a fixed difference of position between the ground glass and sensitive plate could be easily secured by a suit able arrangement of the plate-holder. PHOTOGRAPHS OF THE ROYAL CORNWALL POLYTECHNIC EXHIBITION. (FROM OUE OWN CORRESPONDENT.) The thirty-sixth Annual Exhibition of the Royal Cornwall Polytechnic Exhibition, which has just closed, afforded the inhabitants of the west counties a sight of the finest, largest, and most varied collection of photographs that has ever been exhibited under the auspices of this valuable Society. The first number in the department was H. P. Robinson’s. “ Re turning Home,” representing a girl in humble life crossing a lonely heath on returning to her dwelling in the gloam- ing, after her day’s labour at gleaning, is certainly the finest work of the kind we have seen, the timid, scared ex pression of the girl being forcibly pourtrayed, the land scape being excellent, and the whole composition of the entire picture admirable. A likeness of Adam-Salomon stands pre-eminent among the portraits, not only from its fine manipulation as a photograph, but also the fine artistic treatment of pose and lighting, its general effect being that of an impression from a high class mezzotint engraving. The next exhibitor we notice is Briggs, of Leamington, who sends some pretty cabinet pictures, a frame of emolliotypes, and a fine 10 by 12 portrait, a good example of careful mani pulation, somewhat marred by the roll of paper held in the hand. Four whole-lengths on 10 by 12 plates, by Clark, of Bristol, were most charming productions, the figures being bold and vigorous, and the accessories judiciously in keeping, sufficiently prominent without being obtrusive. Slingsby, of Lincoln, exhibited four portraits, and “ Labour ” and “ Rest,” two clever studies from the life. Stephen Thomp son had four pictures—two English and two Swiss scenes. Much interest was manifested in two small frames of medal lions, burnt in on enamel, by R. J. Barnes, of London; and also in another frame of enamel pictures, by Mr. Hen derson. A frame of cabinet pictures taken in the studio, with backgrounds from outdoor scenes from nature, by Robinson and Thompson, of Liverpool, were very effective, and good examples of this class of combination picture. Some most excellent portraits, printed in carbon, as well as some studies, also printed in carbon, sent by Mr. A. Faulkner, so closely resembled prints from engraved plates, that a good many people could hardly believe they were in reality specimens of photographic art. This gentlemen also exhibited some charming carte specimens of studies of children. • Of enlargements there were several exhibitors, the most noticeable of whom were J. F. Trull, of Falmouth, who showed three specimens, untouched—two busts, life size, and a half-length of a military officer—which would favourably compare with any others sent to any exhibition whatever. Of coloured enlargements, the only exhibitor was Mr. T. M. Douglas, of Edinburgh, whose name is appended to six pic tures in the catalogue. Two of these pictures were really very fine specimens of art, being far superior in execution to what are generally shown as “ photographic enlargements, coloured in oils,” and might take fair rank among the higher class of portrait painting. Of landscape, the most noticeable among the professionals were George Wardley, of Manchester, who exhibited some fine large examples of the lake and country scenery, and Nelson K. Cherrill, Tunbridge Wells, who sent half- a-dozen fine pictures, in one of which — “ Rusthall Common ”—the massing of the clouds was particularly grand. Of smaller subjects, W. H. Warner, of Ross, and R. P. Yeo, Plymouth, sent some very brilliant specimens of interiors, as well as out door scenes, on the cabinet size. Mr. F. Beasley, jun., although in the amateur list, exhibited fifteen pictures 10 by 12, by the Fothergill pro cess, which very few professionals could surpass. The value of this gentleman’s contribution was enhanced by every picture stating the time between preparation and expo sure, and exposure and development. Mr. J. H. Morgan, Clifton, another amateur, exhibited some remarkably good pictures, particularly one or two of Tenby Harbour. Some views ana groups taken during the late campaign in Abys sinia, .sent by Major Holland, R.E., gave the visitors to the exhibition some idea of Theodore’s stronghold, and other points of interest in the late war in that country. On Friday evening a conversazione was held, during a portion of which an account was given of Solomon’s magne sium lamp, and its application to the purpose of enlarging from carte negatives. After the lecturer had minutely explained the properties of the lamp and the metal, and showed the audience enlarged images on the screen, he retired from the larger hall to the smaller one, and, after a comparatively short time, returned with an enlargement he had made in the interim, thus giving strong proof of the value of this invention to photographers. In the hall I per ceived a worked-up enlargement, in monochrome, of Mr.
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