Volltext Seite (XML)
THE PHOTOGRAPHIC NEWS. [September 21, 1883. the painter to get on with outside work, and partly because the advent of bright days makes the accumulated grime and dirt of the winter more visible. So far as photo graphic studios are concerned, however, the autumn would seem to be the best season for work of this kind. The summer heat has, by that time, dried up the sashes, and the cracks so caused are plainly to be seen, and can be readily filled up with putty, and painted over. Many a studio is a source of constant annoyance throughout the winter from neglecting this autumn overhauling. 2 atent Untelligence. Patent Filed 15th September, 1883. 1380. RICHARD Brown, and Robert William Barnes, and Joseph Bell, all of the city of Liverpool, in the county of Lancaster, for an invention of “ Improvements in and relating to the preparation of pictures and photographs to he used in the production of pictures by the art of photography and photo engraving, and in the production of gelatine reliefs and print ing surfaces therefrom.”—Application filed 15th March, 1883. Our invention relates to certain improvements hereinafter more particularly mentioned in the preparation of picturesand photo graphs to be used in the production of pictures by the art of photography and photo-engraving, and in the production of gelatine reliefs and printing surfaces therefrom. The object of our invention is to produce pictures or photo graphs with a grained or lined surface, so that they are suitable for use in the production of pictures by the art of photography and photo-engraving and photo-lithography. Previous to our invention in the art of photo-engraving or photo-lithography, amongst other methods it has been the practice to produce metal type surfaces, or other surfaces such as plaster of Paris, and litho-surfaces from gelatine reliefs, and then to grain the surface of the metal or plaster impression. The surface on the metal type has also been produced by the process known as zinco-grapby, photo-etching, photo-type, photo lithography, and the like, which processes have hitherto been chiefly confined to reproducing from what are technically known as point pictures. We, in our application for Letters Patent No. 5086, A.D. 1882, describe a means of producing a grained surface for the type by the aid of a gauze or perforated sheet, or by graining the type surface by the use of fine wire gauze muslin, soaked in glue, or sand paper, the grain of such material being imbedded into the type by pressure. Our present invention consists in preparing and producing pictures, photographs, and grained type by the following methods:— First, we take the picture, which may be any half-tone picture or photograph, and we give it a stippled, grained, or lined sur face, which is effected under one method by hand artistic manipu lation, by stippling, lining, hatching, roughening, or breaking up the surface or any portion of the surface ; for example, by stippling with pigments or inks, or by abrading the surface ; or by imparting a grained or lined surface to the picture, by pres- s ire from a grained or lined gelatine relief, a sheet of wire gauze, or a sheet of perforated metal; or from a grained or lined steel plate, stone, or the like. After imparting the grain to the picture, it is rubbed over with a soft pigment, which shows the grain up. Another method consists in lining or graining the surfaces of the picture by printing the stippling, graining, or lining on the picture, from a copper-plate or other printing medium, by the use of printer’s inks. Having so produced the stippled or lined surface on the picture, it is submitted to artistic manipulation, whereby it is perfected into condition for use in many of the processes at present known. The picture so prepared can be used for producing printing surfaces by such processes as Wood- burytype, zinco-graphy, photo-etching, photo-engraving, photo lithography, and the like on metal, stone, or other surface, which processes have hitherto been chiefly confined to reproducing from what are technically known as “ point pictures ” ; whereas, by our process, printing surfaces can be produced from natural objects, animate and inanimate ; for example, having obtained a negative or a positive photograph from the picture prepared as above described, we produce a gelatine relief in the manner well known in the art of photography. This gelatine relief will have a grained surface over the picture and background, and when applied in the production of metal type printing surfaces, as by the Woodbury process, or as by the process patented to us No. 5086, A.D. 1882, the metal type printing' surface resulting from the above described operations has a grained or lined sur face, such as is suitable for printing from with ordinary printer’s inks. We utilize that part of our invention where the grained or lined surface is produced upon a photograph by pressure from a grained or lined surface, such as a sheet of wire gauze, perforated metal, or a gelatine relief for other purposes than the processes hereinbefore mentioned, namely, for framing or lining ordinary photographs for direct sale, or otherwise. Under the second part of our invention, we take a grained or lined object, such as a finely-grained or lined paper, or other material, or the natural grain or lines of any material, such as leather or linen. From this object we take a negative photo graph ; we also take a negative photograph of the picture. In printing a positive on sensitive paper, or glass, or gelatine, we first expose the grained or lined negative, or the negative of the picture, and before the positive is fixed, we expose the other negative. We thus produce a positive having the picture and likewise a grained or lined surface over the picture ; or we take a negative photograph of the half-tone picture ; and in printing a positive on sensitized paper, or glass or gelatine, we expose such sensitive paper, glass, or gelatine with a sheet of fine wire gauze, or like perforated material, so that the mesh of the gauze is photograped, so to speak, on the paper, glass, or gelatine, and then, before the photograph of the gauze is fixed, we expose it with the negative of the half-tone picture. Or we expose the sensitized paper, glass, or gelatine with the negative of the half tone picture, and before the photograph of the picture is fixed, we expose the sensitized paper, glass, or gelatine with a sheet of fine wire gauze, or like perforated material. The result is that the positive picture produced bears not only the photograph of the half-tone picture, but bears likewise a grained or lined or dotted surface over the pictures caused by the wire gauze or perforated material. Positive photographs on glass, paper, and gelatine thus produced, can be utilized for the processes described under the first part. Under another method, we take a piece of paper the surface of which has been printed over with lines or dots. The paper may be sensitive paper, or may be sensitized after the lines or dots have been printed on it; and on this paper we print a photo graph. Such photograph can be used for the processes before described under the first part. Under the third part of our invention we produce a gelatine relief from a negative photograph taken from any grained or lined object, such as before mentioned under the second part. We then take a gelatine relief of the negative picture. In pro ducing the metal type, we place the grained gelatine relief and the gelatine relief of the picture one over the other upon the surface of the type metal, and by the Woodburytype process, or by our process before referred to, we produce a grained or lined surface and picture such as is suitable to be used for printing from with ordinary printer’s inks. Under the fourth part of our invention, in using plates of thin lead and also lead plates of large size, it is found that such plates are liable to become bent and uneven. This is particularly the case when the type is produced by processes other than by even direct pressure applied simultaneously over the whole sur face. We rectify this defect by the application of heat, which is conveniently effected by placing the lead plate which is to be levelled on a true and even surface, such as a steel face plate. The heat is applied by heating the plate on which the lead rests by a heating medium, such as a gas flame, or placing the lead plate and the face plate in a heated oven, care being taken not to over-heat. This part of our invention is alike applicable to tracing or making level the surfaces of, lead sheets used in the carrying out of this present invention, application No. 5086, A.D. 1882, before referred to, and to the Woodburytype when thin or large sheets are used, when they become bent and uneven. Having now described our invention, and shown how the same may be carried into effect, we claim—■ First. The method substantially herein set forth of preparing pictures and photographs on paper, glass, or gelatine to be used for the production of printing surfaces by the arts of photography, zincography, phototype, photo-lithography, photo-engraving and