Suche löschen...
The photographic news
- Bandzählung
- 27.1883
- Erscheinungsdatum
- 1883
- Sprache
- Englisch
- Signatur
- F 135
- Vorlage
- Hochschule für Grafik und Buchkunst Leipzig
- Digitalisat
- Hochschule für Grafik und Buchkunst Leipzig
- Digitalisat
- SLUB Dresden
- Lizenz-/Rechtehinweis
- Public Domain Mark 1.0
- URN
- urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-db-id1780948042-188300004
- PURL
- http://digital.slub-dresden.de/id1780948042-18830000
- OAI-Identifier
- oai:de:slub-dresden:db:id-1780948042-18830000
- Sammlungen
- Fotografie
- LDP: Historische Bestände der Hochschule für Grafik und Buchkunst Leipzig
- Strukturtyp
- Band
- Parlamentsperiode
- -
- Wahlperiode
- -
- Bandzählung
- No. 1272, January 19, 1883
- Digitalisat
- SLUB Dresden
- Strukturtyp
- Ausgabe
- Parlamentsperiode
- -
- Wahlperiode
- -
-
Zeitschrift
The photographic news
-
Band
Band 27.1883
-
- Titelblatt Titelblatt I
- Register Index III
- Ausgabe Ausgabe 1
- Ausgabe Ausgabe 17
- Ausgabe Ausgabe 33
- Ausgabe Ausgabe 49
- Ausgabe Ausgabe 65
- Ausgabe Ausgabe 81
- Ausgabe Ausgabe 97
- Ausgabe Ausgabe 113
- Ausgabe Ausgabe 129
- Ausgabe Ausgabe 145
- Ausgabe Ausgabe 161
- Ausgabe Ausgabe 177
- Ausgabe Ausgabe 193
- Ausgabe Ausgabe 209
- Ausgabe Ausgabe 225
- Ausgabe Ausgabe 241
- Ausgabe Ausgabe 257
- Ausgabe Ausgabe 273
- Ausgabe Ausgabe 289
- Ausgabe Ausgabe 305
- Ausgabe Ausgabe 321
- Ausgabe Ausgabe 337
- Ausgabe Ausgabe 353
- Ausgabe Ausgabe 369
- Ausgabe Ausgabe 385
- Ausgabe Ausgabe 401
- Ausgabe Ausgabe 417
- Ausgabe Ausgabe 433
- Ausgabe Ausgabe 449
- Ausgabe Ausgabe 465
- Ausgabe Ausgabe 481
- Ausgabe Ausgabe 497
- Ausgabe Ausgabe 513
- Ausgabe Ausgabe 529
- Ausgabe Ausgabe 545
- Ausgabe Ausgabe 561
- Ausgabe Ausgabe 577
- Ausgabe Ausgabe 593
- Ausgabe Ausgabe 609
- Ausgabe Ausgabe 625
- Ausgabe Ausgabe 641
- Ausgabe Ausgabe 657
- Ausgabe Ausgabe 673
- Ausgabe Ausgabe 689
- Ausgabe Ausgabe 705
- Ausgabe Ausgabe 721
- Ausgabe Ausgabe 737
- Ausgabe Ausgabe 753
- Ausgabe Ausgabe 769
- Ausgabe Ausgabe 785
- Ausgabe Ausgabe 801
- Ausgabe Ausgabe 817
-
Band
Band 27.1883
-
- Titel
- The photographic news
- Autor
- Links
- Downloads
- Einzelseite als Bild herunterladen (JPG)
-
Volltext Seite (XML)
39 but the last, which was wanting in exposure, owing to the sudden vanishing of the light. This was a more severe test for the plates than ordinary portrait work, as the exposures had to he so much varied to suit the different subjects copied. So much for the reliability of the commercial gelatine plate. As I have just been speaking of copying, I would like here to say that I have heard some object that dry plates are not suitable for that purpose ; but I hold the opposite opinion, and even in reproducing black and white, such as sketches, engravings, &c., can obtain any amount of density by careful development, without after treatment. I use a slower plate for copying, but the quicker ones will do as well if more bromide is added to the developer. This photograph, No. 1, is a copy from a small figure in a group. I am sorry I have not the original to show you, as the copy is by far the better of the two. Some photographers still hold up the wet plate as their stan dard of excellence, while it is generally used as a standard by which to guage the rapidity or sensitiveness of dry plates ; but I think a wet plate at its best cannot sustain a high position in either case. It is undoubtedly capable of producing very fine results, and good results have been obtained under very disadvantageous circumstances ; but what uphill work ! Here are two cabinet photographs taken four or five winters ago on a dull afternoon. No. 2 got five minutes’ and No. 3 seven minutes’ exposure. Now how many of our clients or friends could we ask to sit for that length of time without moving a muscle ? I was favoured in this instance with an exceptionally good sitter, or I need not have made the attempt; but with the gelatine plates we are now using, I might have obtained as good results in twenty or thirty seconds, or, if necessary, with a special developer in one-third of that time —say seven or ten seconds. This photograph, No. 4, was taken on a dry plate, on an after noon in November last. It was late, and so dark that with a strong magnifying I could not feel sure that the picture was properly focussed. Now I believe that no amount of exposure in that kind of light would have impressed such an image upon a wet collodion plate, and it would be equally impossible with the wet process to produce by ordinary gas-light, &c., such photographs as I shall presently show you. Now I trust Mr. M’Kean will excuse me if I differ with him on one other point. After speaking of “ that uncertainty which naturally takes hold of one before applying the developer,” he goes on to say : “ Doubts arise as to the length of exposure, which in the bustle of a thorough-going studio, is practically impossible to remember.” Bustle or hurry is a thing that a photographer should not allow, in the studio or out of it ; whether exposing your plate or developing it, you must exercise your memory, and have the power of concentrating your thinking faculties upon the work in hand, and I find little difficulty, as a rule, in judging of exposures, particularly if very busy. I will now say a word regarding the relation of the exposure to the development, for I hold that the latter should be begun with confidence, and to that end you should know if your plate has had just sufficient exposure, or more or less than the subject required. We will admit that gelatine plates will allow of great latitude in exposure ; but unless that statement is qualified, it will prove misleading to those who have not had much experi ence, for unless we are prepared to be constantly varying our developer, the exposure must be very correctly timed ; and I think the only way to acquire proficiency is to ascertain the method of development best suited to the plates we are using, and then endeavour to time every exposure to suit that particular treatment. The want of a proper regard to this, and perhaps a too frequent change in the kind of plate used, may in a measure account for the variety of developers recommended, if not for the extra ordinary nature of some of them. One I notice as being com posed of twelve constituent parts, involving an amount of trouble in the preparation which would suit but few, unless some decided advantage was gained by its use. To speak of developers more particularly, I do not approve of any formula that necessitates the keeping of pyrogallic in solu tion. I cannot see that anything is gained by it, though some thing may be lost; and I find it so very easy, with the dry pyro gallic in a small wide-mouthed vessel, and a common bone egg spoon, to measure out in a moment, as required, one, two, three" or more grains, and that so accurately, that lately, when trying some experiments, I, for greater certainty, measured and weighed also, but found the weighing quite unnecessary, and the pyro gallic, if in good condition, dissolves as soon as the water covers it. Of the developers I have tried I will only notice two specially, viz., that introduced by Mr. M’Kean (the bi-carbonate), and the one I have found most reliable in my own practice, which is an ammonia-bromide. The latter is similar to that recommended for Wratten’s plates, only I find that a two-grain solution in place of a three-grain solution of pyrogallic is sufficient in portraiture to give all the density required, and our mode of working may not be exactly what is prescribed with their formula, but it is simplicity itself. It is as follows:—In an easy stoppered dropping-bottle we have a solution prepared thus— / Ammonia ... ... ... ... 5 ounces Brom.-potass. ... ... ... ... 5 drams Water 10 ounces and that is the only solution we need for ordinary work. Of course we have separate solutions at hand of bromide and am monia in case they are required. To develop a plate, we put it into a dish with sufficient water to cover it, and then measure the pyrogallic into the cup, and pour the water from the dish upon the pyrogallic and back again ; the ammonia-bromide is then dropped into the cup, and the solu tion from the dish poured upon it and returned to the , plate, when the image soon makes its appearance, and, if rightly ex posed, is fully developed in about two minutes, sometimes less. This formula appears to suit other plates than those it was specially intended for, but with Wratten’s (which are the plates I have done most of my dry-plate work with) I find it not only suitable for all kinds of work, but equal to almost any emergency. But we are occasionally (now that instantaneous photography is thought to be so simple) asked to take a sitter when the light is so far gone that focussing is pure guess-work, or we have to take an instantaneous picture of a child on a very dull day, and even though ordinary methods fail, our resources are not at an end, for, by dispensing with the restrainer in the developer, and using pyrogallic and ammonia alone, you may give one-third the expo sure you would give for ordinary treatment, and get very good results. I have developed plates with three drops of pure ammo nia to the ounce of pyrogallic solution without fog, and with the ordinary developer fogging is of rare occurrence with us. I find that most good plates will stand a considerable quantity of ammonia-bromide if applied at first with the fresh pyro gallic. You may take a half plate, knowing it to be under exposed, and develop it with thirty or forty drops right off, and get a good clear negative ; but begin a similar one with ten drops, and then add other twenty or thirty when the developing has proceeded some length, and the probability is you will get a thin, foggy negative. I will now say a word or two concerning Mr. M’Kean’s bicarbonate developer. In trying it side by side with Wratten’s I was compelled to give the latter the preference, the bicarbonate requiring a much larger mount of pyrogallic, and giving a less brilliant image. 1 have here some negatives which I made in the course of my experiments to test their relative value ; they are arranged in such a way that I think you may understand them without further explanation here. I will only mention in regard to this set of three nega tives, No. 1 developed with ammonia, No. 2 with ammonia- bromide, and No. 3 with bicarbonate, that if you take them in the order in which I have placed them, I think you take them in their order of merit. In reference to these photographs taken by gas-light, I may explain that they were taken with a single lens. No. 6, girl blowing the fire, was taken by the light of one ordinary gas- burner, exposure about 7 minutes. In this case the stop was removed to try how the lens would act without it. In one of the other interiors, No. 7, you will see that the negative has been as well exposed as if done in daylight. These were all developed with the ordinary formula, as also No. 8, part of a street by gas light. There being no light but what came from the shop- windows, this is under-exposed ; but I obtained a better exposed negative, which is unfortunately still in the printing-frame. This one, No. 9, was taken by moonlight, by Mr. Frank Moffat, and developed without a restrainer. As I fear I have occupied too much of your time already, I will bring my remarks to a close by suggesting that a developer
- Aktuelle Seite (TXT)
- METS Datei (XML)
- IIIF Manifest (JSON)