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The photographic news
- Bandzählung
- 27.1883
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- 1883
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- Englisch
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- Hochschule für Grafik und Buchkunst Leipzig
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- Hochschule für Grafik und Buchkunst Leipzig
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- Bandzählung
- No. 1282, March 30, 1883
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The photographic news
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- Titelblatt Titelblatt I
- Register Index III
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194 THE PHOTOGRAPHIC NEWS. LMARCII 30, 1883. of the aperture will interfere materially with the purity of the image. A member of the Club mentioned that he had, some years ago, succeeded in obtaining clean-cut holes in extremely thin sheets of metal by a process of photo engraving, and that such apertures yielded very good pin hole pictures. The method was as follows :—A round spot of white was photographed against a black background, so as to yield a negative in which the image of the spot should be represented by a black dot corresponding to the re quired aperture. In the next place, a very thin sheet of a copper alloy was coated on both sides with a sensitive bitumen film (see our volume for 1882, p. 770). One side of this plate was then exposed to light for a sufficient time to render the bitumen moderately insoluble in the ordinary solvents; after which the other side was exposed under the negative. When a sufficient exposure had been given, the plate was treated with benzole, so as to remove that bitumen whica had been covered by the opaque dot of the negative; and the metal was etched away by a moderately strong solution of perchloride of iron. Hot benzole will now serve to remove the bitumen acted on by light, and the image forming plate is ready for use, the most convenient method of using it being to solder it over the aperture of an ordinary lens diaphragm. This method of making pin-hole stops served to remind us of a hitherto unpublished method of making printing stencils by photographic agency ; and although we do not suppose that the process is likely to supersede existing photo-typic or photo-lithographic methods, it may serve in cases where photographers wish not only to prepare the printing surface, but also to print themselves. A vigorous negative of the printed or written matter is first prepared in the ordinary way, and a sheet of black netting is laid over it, after which a contact or camera trans parency is made. A sheet of thin metal, which has been coated on both sides with the usual sensitive bituminous film, is now exposed on one side, in order to render the bitumen generally insoluble, after which the reverse side is exposed under the transparency, and developed in the usual way with turpentine, benzole, or a similar solvent. The plate is next exposed to the action of an etching fluid until the metal is perforated ; and the stencil is complete. The object of the netting will be obvious, as strips of metal corresponding to its threads are left across the eaten-out portions of the metal plate, and serve to bind the various parts of the plate together. Without some provision of this kind, such letters as “O,” “ B,” and " P” would neces sarily be imperfectly reproduced, and the fine white lines corresponding to the netting do not materially interfere with the legibility of printed matter. As regards print ing from the stencil, it may be mentioned that, either the roller method, as exemplified in the case of Edison’s electric-pen printing process, or the squeegee method as carried out in the trypographic process of De Zuccato, is far preferable to any mode in which the printing colour is applied with a brush. Either side of the stencil may be printed from with equal facility, either right-handed or left-handed impres sions being thus produced at will. PEOPLE WHO DO NOT LIKE THEIR PORTRAITS. People who do not like their portraits, at first sight, form a large class, since, with an exception here and there, it includes everybody. Many survey their proofs without a murmur, and give a large order for prints on the spot; but, for all that, the pictures are not satisfactory in their eyes. Of all classes, possibly, the elderly gentleman is the most easily pleased; but he generally thinks the photographer makes him out rather more bald than he is, and depicts the crow’s feet under his eyes too prominently. Phyllis, le her picture be ever so charming, is never gratified when the proof is submitted to her. “ Dear me ; well, I suppose it is me. I should never have known it. But I had better have some copies printed, of course. Oh yes, you can nave the proof back, certainly; and now let me look at something nice.” This is meant for a polite speech. Not unfrequently it is simply : “ Oh, what a fright! I’m sure, Ma, I can’t look like that. And there’s the lace on my left sleeve crushed out of all knowledge.” Our dictum as to people never liking their portraits refers only to “ first sight,” or to the time when the pic ture is taken. Ten days afterwards—or, it may be, ten years—it is another matter altogether. “ Have you the negative still of that portrait you took exactly three summers ago ? ” is an enquiry that comes again and again. “ I did not like the picture at the time, if you remember; but my friends think it such a good one that I thought I would call about it.” The caller, under these circumstances, generally gives a very good order ; he or she—for young gentlemen are quite as fastidious as young ladies—has had pictures taken more recently, and these please less and less the more the sitter advances in years. Photographers are so well acquainted with the fact that a good picture is sure to be liked sooner or later, that, despite an unfavourable verdict at the time, the negative is carefully put away and registered ; and, in a well- established business, stock orders are almost as remunera tive as those given by fresh sitters. There is, of course, no objection to a sitter passing an adverse opinion on his portrait, and photographers who are beginning business must not be too easily depressed by unwelcome words, when they have not only done their best, but fully believe they have been highly successful in their purpose. As a rule, matters come right in the end, and the customer is satisfied. Nay, if the sitter has not at the first openly expressed dislike, he may, and frequently does, generally acknowledge his obligations to the photo grapher. The sitter takes his picture home, and there, however much he may inveigh against its imperfections, friends one after another begin to point out, it is not so bad after all. There is a trite saying to the effect that no one is a good judge of his own portrait, and if only sitters could be induced to take the opinion of friends, rather than their own, the difficulties of a photographer in such matters would be reduced to nil. In any case, we would warn young photographers never to expect any thanks. In a portrait, you touch a sitter on the most delicate point, his personal appearance; and the less store he pretends to set upon it, the more likely is he to take umbrage at any supposed discount of his good looks. So far, in respect to the bond fide sitter, who, if not at once, is, after a while, convinced that you have turned out good work. There is, unfortunately, another class, whom photographers know but too well, and with whom it is necessary to be exceedingly strict; we mean those who decry the portrait, but desire, nevertheless, to keep the proofs sent them of the negative. It has been said that everybody has a disposition to be mean sometimes, and certainly there are people especially mean in their dealings with a photographer, however large-hearted and benevo lent they may be at other times. When the regulation to pay previous to sitting is adhered to, there is little chance of suffering from the meanness in question : but, unfortu nately, photographers do not keep to this hard and fast rule. Then, we have recurring examples of this weakness. A lady is desirous of getting a portrait of baby, and upon the latter the photographer spends half a morning, and a dozen precious films. All to no purpose; none of the proofs please, and as baby cannot be worried again just then, the appointment is put off sine die. But, as the lady is going away, she turns back and asks if there is any objection to her keeping one of the proofs ; they are proba- Lly of no use to the photographer, she ventures, and one
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