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The photographic news
- Bandzählung
- 29.1885
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- 1885
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- Hochschule für Grafik und Buchkunst Leipzig
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- Bandzählung
- No. 1378, January 30, 1885
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Zeitschrift
The photographic news
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Band
Band 29.1885
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- Register Index III
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Band
Band 29.1885
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January 30, 1885.J THE PHOTOGRAPHIC NEWS. 77 tures which vary greatly with the camera, and the lens or the lenses which belong to it. The only remedy for these evils is to use small lenses, and when the sensitiveness of the photographic process is increased, we may hope to work with lenses not larger than the pupil of the human eye.”— Yours, &c., C. Bender. Sip.,—In endeavouring to popularise scientific know ledge by giving our results in the imperfect form of rules, hardly so to be framed as not to admit of exceptions, it is not surprising if some of these exceptions appear much more important to one person, than to another whose practical experience may run in a different groove. On the value of equality in exposure, without dark corners, there will probably be little practical difference of opinion, though it is, of course, far less important in a single portrait than in a group. But it is just the group in which speed is most requisite, and equality of exposure more desirable ; while freedom in posing has too often to be sacrificed to optical difficulties. No doubt a large aperture admits more stray light than a small one ; but its admission is usually considered an evil, and is carefully guarded against. Whether diffused flare be a practical evil or an advantage, I will not venture to pronounce—no doubt readers will form their own opinion ; but I think I may say theoretically, that the serious practical evil of flare, whether diffused or condensed into the annoying patch modern workers are forgetting, appears only where large parts of the subject are strongly illuminated—such as the sky in out door views, or perhaps white margin round a picture we are copying. Then the stop is seen as a disc of brilliant light to an eye looking in that direction behind it; and this brilliant spot, falling on the lower part of the back lens, is reflected back to the upper part of the front one, and, striking obliquely a concave surface, is collected and deflected according to the usual laws of catoptrics, and thrown into some convenient place among the shadows in which it can appear to the greatest possible disadvantage. Some time ago I carelessly used, as back lens of a doublet, an uncemented combination. As front lens it would have done no harm, but as it was, it spoiled an excellent 24 by 18 plate. Flare does not trouble us in photographing an interior with a Petzval lens, as I occa sionally had to do with wet collodion. Of course halation round a window is a totally different thing, though a very high window in front of a lens liable to it might produce a mild case of true flare. As I had no knowledge of Mr. Debenham’s lecture, or of the discussion following it, except from the reports in your columns, I trust any misconception of mine may be excused. But it may be seen that I considered it so unlikely that he would have overlooked altogether the point to which I took exception, that I attributed any insutficient theory to bystanders rather than to the lecturer. It is clear that he did bear it in mind, and though I failed to see it, I trust I yet lost no other matter of interest. In reading your report of it again, I note his just remarks on the excellence of Petzval lenses, and of the importance, especially in copying, of not sacrificing flatness of field too mush to an accuracy of marginal definition useless without it. I am sorry I must postpone, for this week, any account of my proposed modification of Petzval lenses ; as, to make it intelligible to ordinary readers, some explanation of its action is required, and this is a busy time with me. I will say, however, that while I have too much respect for the science and skill of our opticians to suppose what I may suggest to be unknown to them, I think that—all lenses being more or less compromises—it is we who should be the best judges as to the qualities we prefer to sacrifice, or to retain. And it is by discussion in the photographic press that such an intelligent demand should be created that must precede supply.—I am, dear sir, yours truly, W. Wheeler. THE NEW QUICK PRINTING PAPER. Dear Sir,—Every one being interested in this new paper, I should like to give my experience and opinion. I have tried about 100 prints in lots of 12 at a time, using several commercial makes. I give from two to fifteen inches to direct daylight through a small window in dark room, the window having a south light. I have a large window, three feet by two feet six inches, and on this I have two or three thicknesses of golden fabric, and find it quite safe, and a light quite as good as could be wished. You can see to read the finest print. I use the developer as per Marion’s rules, and wash the prints well in three changes of water ; then in alum for fifteen minutes. I then tone at once in a hypo and gold bath—viz., 40 ounces hypo, to which I add 4 or 5 grains of gold. This bath keeps well, and can be used over and over again, which is much better than making fresh every day, and I find it tones quicker and much better than the one said to be used in the printed rules. I then wash well in running water all night, and think the prints are then quite safe. Amateurs will do well to note this toning bath, as they save time, and you save one washing, and have a toning bath that keeps well. You can add new hypo and gold now and then. 1 may as well say I have got some good slides from chloride plates with this developer and bath, but find it very slow, but a nice brownish colour. 1 do not think for a moment that this paper will take the place of albumenized paper. Of course it is a great thing for those who wish to print quickly or by gas light, but it has many, disadvantages. 1st. You cannot double print a sky in so as to know what you are doing. 2nd. If you expose to daylight a batch of eight or nine from same negative, you will not get the same colours in all your - prints; some will be red, and some greenish- coloured. 3rd. The tones are not as good as albumen prints. 4th. The trouble is more, as you have to develop as well as tone, and for those who are not well up in deve loping, there will be a great trouble (I refer to amateurs and young men who are just learning the profession) ; and then, when done, you are never sure of the colour the print will be. Of course if you can afford to buy lime light or electric, you can always tell your exposure ; but I am speaking as an amateur who wants to print a few for himself. One does not like to have to take three or four prints from his negative when one would do, and I am sure that silver albumen is the best and cheapest for amateurs who only want one or two prints from each negative, unless they are busy during the day. Otherwise, this new paper is j ust what is wanted, as one can print off eight or twelve with gas-light (time from twenty to fifty seconds), and develop them ; and this is where this paper comes in, and is of very great use, and I look upon it as one of the best things found out since dry plates ; but as for saying it will do away with the silver prints, I don’t think it can ever do so, for the reasons I have named. I use the paper myself, and find it very handy, and should not like to be without it. I had a lot of trouble at first, and did not succeed till I took to the gold and hypo bath ; but had I to print for sale or to send to an exhibition, I should print on silver or platinotype paper, not on the new quick paper. The thing to find out now is how to double-print, and how to get all your prints a good colour, even if you expose two or three seconds over or under. These remarks I make for those who wish to try, and not to abuse or speak in favour of the paper; it is good for some things, and bad for others, and I always think beginners should have the experience of those who have tried. Should this paper prove to be permanent, then it would be a great step ahead.— Yours truly, • A. Dresser.
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