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The photographic news
- Bandzählung
- 29.1885
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- 1885
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- Hochschule für Grafik und Buchkunst Leipzig
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- Bandzählung
- No. 1415, October 16, 1885
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Zeitschrift
The photographic news
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Band 29.1885
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- Register Index III
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Band
Band 29.1885
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OCTOBER 16, 1885. J THE PHOTOGRAPHIC NEWS. 667 PAPER NEGATIVES. BY T. a. WHAITE.* I BIING before you to-night what has been called a new depar ture in photography—that of making negatives on a paper sup port. Seeing that the earliest negatives produced were by Fox Talbot’s method, the calotype and old wax paper process, I think it is somewhat of a misnomer. Of more recent date we find Warnerke and Morgan and Kidd have made a commercial article for the same purpose. You will find also in the PHOTOGRAPHTC News in 1882, and the Year-Book for 1883, a method of coat ing paper in continuous lengths with emulsion, illustrated with diagrams, to which is attached my name. What is really new in the method now before the photo graphic world, by an American company, is the preparation of the paper to receive the emulsion, not the coating of the paper with the bromide of silver ; this can be done in several ways without infringing any patent. What the Eastman Company claim is this. They state that, having made the discovery that the net-like surface of paper in its ordinary state causes an un even deposit of emulsion, it consequently, in developing, causes a greater density of image in the thicker interstices than is desir able. To remedy this evil, they coat the paper first with an in soluble gelatine, then subject it to great pressure, and after wards coat this levelled-up paper with sensitive emulsion. From my experience of their films they certainly effect their object. I have produced, to my mind, most satisfactory negatives on these films ; the only difficulty at present is the want of a reliable, simple, and less disagreeable method of making the paper trans parent. The plan at present is to use castor oil hot, until complete saturation of the paper takes place. Now I find everybody kicks against the castor oil ; it was a lesson early instilled or other wise got into them in the nursery, and they have never made friends with it since. Making the films transparent, then, is not a difficult matter. Now comes the trouble. After printing off a number of prints from a negative, the oil gradually becomes less and less, from pressure in the frame, and “grain ” begins to appear. It is all very well to say oil again, but it must be borne in mind that after you have oiled first—mind your retoucher does his Work ; now, if you attempt re-oiling, off flows the black lead. What we want is something as stable as the old wax method, with the same transparency that castor oil gives. I do not doubt that as soon as the process becomes more known and applied, that some of our experimenters will accomplish this much- desired end. I am sanguine enough to believe that in time paper will entirely supplant glass as the support for our films; and I believe, in capable hands, it will be the means of making our photographs more worthy the name of works of art, not on account of its portability and lightness, but from the nature of the support; we shall be enabled to do more work on the nega tive (in the right direction, I hope) that we are now prevented from doing on glass, in adding effect and suppressing undesira ble and obtrusive detail, as work may be applied to both sides of a paper negative ; on the emulsion side for detail and crispness, and on the reverse for softness and broad effects. We may possibly, by these means, obtain something akin to a painter’s sketch. The artist painter says the great evil of photography when applied to picture making is the immense amount of detail a sharply focussed negative possesses. If we could suppress or obliterate some of this detail, which the mechanical photographer considers the perfection of his art, I feel we shall gain a power we have hitherto not possessed—viz., breadth and simplicity. This will only be of real service to the photographer who has a knowledge of art, and knows how to apply it. The landscape photographer will find in its lightness, as com pared with glass, its chief recommendation ; ho will also find in making interior pictures an utter absence of his old enemy hala tion. There will be also the entire freedom from dust particles when travelling, for no matter how carefully we dust our slides, after travelling a few miles a new crop wiil be found on the plates, over which the picture will be taken, the result of which will be pinholes, &c. Now, with a roller-holder and a band of paper, this need not be the case, as the paper may be kept rolled up and safe from dust until the very moment it is required for exposure. Another advantage of the roller-holder will be our almost * A communication to the Edinburgh Photographic Society. entire independence of a dark room when travelling ; each holder taking twenty-five pictures, and weighing about the weight of four glasses with their double slides, we shall with one charge have a supply for a good day’s work, and should we require to change any, it can be done quite as well in perfect darkness as with a light (say, under cloth and a portmanteau). We can go on firing away our twenty-four filmer until darkness puts a stop to it. All this is, I think, in the very near future. ACKLAND’S SCALE OF PHOTOGRAPHIC EQUIVALENTS. This is a slide-rule on the same plan as that known to chemists of the last generation as Cuff’s Scale of Equivalents ; but instead of the long array of chemicals found on that rule, Mr. Ackland has introduced only those likely to be of use among photo graphers and experimenters. Those who are fully aware of the advantages of the ordin ary logarithmic rule on ordinary calculations, will readily appreciate the introduction of this new form especially adapted to their requirements ; whilst its use in working out the required results, and the rapidity of solving the usual problems occur ring in photography, will commend it to all who may require its aid. The principal chemicals are arranged in accordance with their combining proportions in relation to the sliding scale, and the answers can be instantly read off by mere inspection. In order to test its application we worked out the following : — How much nitrate of silver is required for full conversion of 37 grains of bromide potassium, and how much bromide silver would be produced ? We obtained correct answers in less than forty seconds, and, after many trials, we can v.ith confidence commend Mr. Ackland’s new form of rule to the notice of our readers. “SHOTS” IN THE EASTERN COUNTIES. BY A. W. BEER.* Our next halt is at Stamford, about twelve miles away. Here are, close at hand, materials for the day’s stock of plates—Burghley Park, full of magnificent timber, open glades and sheltered avenues, trees with marvellously gnarled trunks and gigantic excrescences, and vistas like roofless abbey aisles. Burghley House, famous in tale and song, is very fine and imposing, but requiring a spring afternoon’s light to see it to the best effect, and very long focus lenses to make a good picture. Back again into the town, and at the Priory, St. Mary’s Church, and among quaint streets, are found suitable work for the camera, the light being right (morning) in each case. In the old alms-houses, and on the river, unique picturesque effects may be ob tained. We were tempted by our proximity to Fotheringay Castle to make a pilgrimage to that famous spot, but had only disappointment for our pains. Not a stone is left of the Castle that witnessed the murder of the fair Queen of Scotland, a mound of earth by the river side alone mark ing the site. The monuments in the church, however, will be found worth a visit. We wander across the fields to Elton, where by the river side the old Weir and foot bridge, with tall poplars shading the village mill, and throwing cool shadows on the water, compose a picture to our taste. A few miles further down the line we alight at Barnwell. Here we have two churches: one a picturesque old Norman build ing, with carved courses, window heads, and a fine porch ; the other a church in ruins. Several charming studies can be made in this old-world village, particularly by the stream that flows through it. Close here are the ruins of Anniston Castle, with all the walls and bastions complete and perfect, pointed gate, guard room, &c., almost as when the last tenants left it, though now turned to more peaceful use, supporting the fruit trees prettily trained against its old walls. I * Continued from page 603.
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