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The photographic news
- Bandzählung
- 29.1885
- Erscheinungsdatum
- 1885
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- Englisch
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- Hochschule für Grafik und Buchkunst Leipzig
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- Hochschule für Grafik und Buchkunst Leipzig
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- Bandzählung
- No. 1376, January 16, 1885
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The photographic news
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Band 29.1885
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- Register Index III
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Band 29.1885
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44 THE PHOTOGRAPHIC NEWS. LJANUAkY 16, 1885. to iso- That was a special device, for a special purpose. But, as a copying lens, I generally prefer a Ross’ 4a, and find it very useful, from its long focus and excellent definition in varying positions. And I have recently put together a combination of about 4 feet focus, in which the construction of the back lens is altered, though preserving the Petzval principle, from which I anticipate excellent results in copying paintings. As for flatness of field, I have actually reached concavity by sacrificing some of the marginal definition, which was useless without flatness. Let anyone compare a good lens of the Petzval type with one of the rapid rectilinear class in copying to the same size—the experience may be useful. I found a most excellent Steinheil so tested come off decidedly second best, and there may be good reason for this, the best form of lens for rays nearly or quite parallel being not necessarily the best when as strongly divergent as they are from an object arranged to be copied to the same size. But, however, one cannot too often recommend (and here I have the pleasure of entirely agreeing with the writer) that, especially in the studio, we should always, where practicable, prefer a long focus lens ; and when this is used for a relatively small picture, the marginal intensity will not be materially affected by the cause above men tioned.—I am, dear sir, yours truly, W. H. Wheeler. HISTORICAL EXHIBIT AT THE INVENTIONS EXHIBITION. Dear Sir,—The authorities of the forthcoming Inven tions Exhibition have invited the council of the Photo graphic Society of Great Britain to exhibit a collection of photographic apparatus and processes illustrative of the history and progress of the science of photography. I shall be much obliged if you will allow me to make this fact known through the medium of your pages, and to say that the council have cordially accepted this invitation, and have appointed a committee to make the necessary arrangements. It will greatly assist them if possessors of specimens of apparatus, &c , of historical interest, who would be willing to lend them for exhibition, would com municate with me as soon as possible on the subject. The following list, which is by no means complete, indicates the kind of specimens which it is desired to collect. It should be understood that the examples—-as, for instance, of obsolete processes—must be the best obtainable. Daguerreotypes, Calotypes, Glass positives. Nega tives taken on collodion wet plates, collodion dry plates, tannin, collodio-albumen, gum-gallic, collodion emulsion. Printing Processes—Salted paper, albumenized paper, Wothlytype, old photo-engravings. Apparatus— Panta- scopic camera, stereoscopic apparatus, old instantaneous shutters.—Yours faithfully, W. F. Donkin, Hon. Sec. 97, Upper Tulse Hill, London, S. W. OBTAINING SPECIMENS. Sir,—1 answered the advertisement of “ T. B.” which appeared in the News of January 2nd, enclosing some un mounted specimen photographs (all I had, unfortunately), and I enclosed a stamped directed envelope, asking tor their return as soon as convenient, should he (“T. B.”) be suited. But after waiting and waiting, and not hearing anything of them, it occurred to me that “ T. B.” must be some dishonest fellow who has advertised so as to obtain specimen photographs under false pretences. I thought perhaps you would kindly assist me, if you could, by inserting this letter in the News in the hope that “ T. B." is not so bad as I have been thinking him to be, which he would show by returning the specimens he has received, to their proper owners.—I am, sir, yours respect fully, Fair Play. Aroceedings of Societies. Photographic Society of Great Britain. The ordinary meeting of this Society was held on Tuesday, the 13th inst., at the Gallery, 5a, Pall Mall East, Mr. James Glaisher, F.R.S. (President), in the chair. The minutes of the previous meeting having been read and confirmed, Messrs. E. C. Simpson, W. H. Plaister, M.D., II. Trueman Wood, and G. Fowler Jones, were elected members of the Sooiety. The Chairman then called upon Mr. L. Warnerke to demon strate the method of using his “ rapid positive paper.” Mr. Warnerke commenced by saying that the principle on which he based the new paper he intended describing, was by no means a new discovery, since he had read particulars regarding it in various photographic publiciatons from time to time during the last two or three years.* The credit of applying this principle to commercial paper at the present moment was due to the perseverance of Messrs. Marion and Co., who had taken great pains to bring it well before the notice of photographers. Mr. Warnerke then passed round examples of the paper as finished prints (also paper merely coated), and remarked that the coating consisted in applying one of the various forms of bromo-chloride or bromo-citro-chloride emulsions to ordinary commercial photographic paper, without any substratum or other special treatment. The finest paper he could find was either plain Saxe or Rive, and when this was suitably covered with emulsion, they had all they required for the purpose of pro ducing the very finest results. Whatever formula was employed, the emulsion would be washed, the paper coated, and dried in a non-actinic apartment; exposed a short time under a negative in contact, developed with one of the ordinary developers, well washed, soaked in common alum solution, toned in an ordinary gold bath, fixed, washed, and finished. Printing was performed as with ordinary silvered albumenized paper, the difference being that ordinary paper required a long exposure to daylight, whereas the new paper needed a very short exposure—even to artificial light— thus allowing, in the latter case, a large amount of work to be done which would be impossible by the older method. Regarding the colour of the image, much depended on giving a proper exposure ; over-exposure yielded warm tones, and under-exposure the darker shades. Mr.Warnerke laid some stress on the slowing action caused when printing from yellow stained negatives, and he thought the present standard density of negatives considered suitable for ordinary silver printing was by far too great for the method he was describing. The mode of developing was precisely similar to that employed when the emulsion was spread on a glass plate, and any developer which suited a chloride plate would suit his paper. The following formulae answered, each producing a different tone:— ounce ounces or or 1 15 25 1 100 10 150 parts, or 2} ounces part, or 48 grains parts, or 10 ounces Ammonia bromide Water B.—Iron sulphate ... Water Adding a small crvstal of citric acid. These two solutions are mixed in equal proportions. 1.—Ferrous Oxalate Developer. A.—Potash oxalate 2.—Ferrous Citrate Developer. ounces 1 ounce or or or or or 4 2 10 1 ounce 5 ounces A.—Citric acid Ammonia carbonate Water B.—Iron sulphate... Water 200 parts, 100 „ 500 „ 100 „ 500 „ Adding a small crystal of citric acid. C.—Common table salt 5 parts, or Water 100 „ or 20 ounces A and B are mixed in equal proportions, and a few drops of C added, according to exposure given and tone of the print desired. 3.—Hydrokinone Developer. A.—Hydrokinone 5 parts, Alcohol 100 „ B.—Potash carbonate 20 „ Water 100 „ C.—Common table salt 5 „ Water 100 „ or or or or or or 24 grains 1 ounce 96 grains 1 ounce 24 grains 1 ounce • Practical information respecting the method of preparing and using emulsion paper for positives will be found on pages 721, 738, and 786 cf our volume for 1883, and on page 20 of the last volume.
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