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The photographic news
- Bandzählung
- 29.1885
- Erscheinungsdatum
- 1885
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- Englisch
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- Hochschule für Grafik und Buchkunst Leipzig
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- Hochschule für Grafik und Buchkunst Leipzig
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- Bandzählung
- No. 1405, August 7, 1885
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The photographic news
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Band
Band 29.1885
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- Register Index III
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Band
Band 29.1885
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.500 THE PHOTOGRAPHIC NEWS. [August 7, 1885. purpose; of the two the latter is preferable, and, until some one proves to the contrary, I take it that a method of supporting films horizontally in contact with a body of water in gentle motion is as nearly correct in theory as we can get at it. The frame I use, which may be as easily carried as a cabinet photograph, will, when extended and fixed, support six half plate negatives (English size), and can be made by anyone in a few minutes. The films are placed downward, and are not likely to get damaged, because the sharp edges of the glass plate are in contact with, and wedged between, the three supporting pillars, and may with safety be placed in a running stream of water, until it is considered the negatives have had sufficient washing, when the frame can be placed in a current of air, and the negatives will dry without dust settling upon the surfaces. It is convenient when travelling to have zinc tanks large enough to take one or more frames of this kind, and they might be made in the form of packing cases utilizable for the protec tion of lenses, bottles, &c. If a metal exit tube is soldered in the base, or perforations made at the lower corners, so that a constant downward with drawal of liquid occurs, the same being replaced from a faucet, about sixty minutes of such treatment would be found sufficient to effectually wash a thickly-coated gelatine plate. Very little consideration will show that any soluble matter a negative may contain—such, at all events, as we are accustomed to deal with—-must, by the natural law of gravity, pass through the gelatine into the water below, converting the film, as it were, into a kind of septum, and thus practically washing by dialysis. REPORT ON THE PROGRESS OF PHOTOGRAPHY. BY C. GENTILE. Many would claim that there has not been any marked advance in our profession since our last Convention, it is true we have no new inventions to chronicle, but that photography progresses in spite of exceedingly dull times is evident. There is greater knowledge of photography among the public than there ever was. Photography is in greater demand than ever. It is now intro duced in nearly every branch of business and profession. Take, for example, our own city of Chicago. The police department has added a photographic outfit as a necessary appendage ; the detective camera is now called into play when any important event occurs. Our hospitals are not now considered complete unless a sky light is available to enable doctors to photograph their “ brilliant ” cases, which they most successfully do. I predict it will not be long before every newspaper of any importance will have a photographer attached to their staff. Amateurs are rapidly increasing in numbers all over the country ; they are forming numerous societies, which have shown in the past year that they are willing to work harder than our professionals are willing to do to disseminate freely the information they possess. The amateur frequently has more leisure than the professional, and is imbued with an ever-increasing desire to obtain “ more light.” The professional is naturally more jealous than they of his little secrets, if he has any. We expect to get the majority of our improvements from amateurs, because if we look back into the history of photography, and consult the authors who have written on the subject of photography, and from which our knowledge is derived, we find that the majority of them were amateurs, and we see no reason why we should expect to learn less from amateurs now than formerly. It must be admitted by all that during the past year the majority of papers read on photography have been by amateurs, showing conclusively that the amateur will occupy a prominent rank in our literature, as they have always done in Europe. Many improvements have been made in the manufacture of dry plates. As a matter of course, the past few years’ experience has taught the manufacturers many lessons, which they have not been slow to avail themselves of. There has certainly been a most marked reduction in the prices of plates, which has benefited tho photographer. Commercially the past has been a bad year for photographers. The stagnation has been universal in Europe, as well as in this country ; however, let us hope for better times in the near future. In Europe recently a most successful exhibition of works by amateurs has been held, and at- a day not far off we shall expect to see a convention of amateurs held in the United States. Among other improvements in photography we must not omit to mention that the Eastman Dry Plate and Film Co. has intro duced a paper negative, and also a film which is stripped from its support after development. Many improvements have been made in the manufacture of bromo-gelatine printing paper for positives, and we may look for still greater improvements in the materials to be used in their manufacture. There is no reason why we should not give greater attention to the making of positives direct in the camera, especially as low rates for photographs predominate in many of our large cities. Ere long we may expect to be furnished by our stock dealers with plates ready coated with an emulsion, so that we need not resort to the bath and collodion for even a tintype. We have seen a good tintype made in this manner; consequently we should not be surprised to see the much despised tintype brought prominently to the front. The past year has not been remarkable for the number of im provements that have been introduced for developing dry plates, but doubtless much valuable information on this subject will be obtained during this Convention. Great advancement and much skill and ingenuity are observ able in the manufacture of apparatus used by members of our profession. The great increase in the demand for light portable field cameras has made our manufacturers vie with one another until they have almost arrived at perfection, as will be seen in the varied and magnificent display at our Convention. In conclusion, it forcibly occurs to one who studies the progress of photography in this country, that greater advancement would be made in our knowledge, and also a better feeling would exist among the fraternity, if some means could be devised to induce the leading photographers in our cities to attend the meetings of the photographic societies, and to devote a little of their time to the promotion of the best interests of the profession from which they make their living, and to which we all owe a debt. THE BACKGROUND: ITS USE AND ABUSE. BY G. M. CARLISLE. That the background should be subordinate to the figure I have no need to announce. This truism has been so oft repeated that the veriest tyro must be aware of its importance ; yet we see every day the effects of miserable carelessness in the use of both interior and exterior backgrounds. If one has not the time or inclination to exercise proper care in adapting effective grounds to his model, it were better he have none. A plain ground shaded gradually from dark upon the one edge to light upon the opposite edge, and so placed behind the model as to bring the face in proper relief. By placing the dark portion of the ground opposite the lighted side of the face, never fails to fulfil its mission, and is easy of management; while the elaborately painted ground, unless carefully managed, destroys all harmony, and exposes ignorance of rules of composi tion, or carelessness of treatment. How often we see prints from negatives, beautifully lighted, skilfully finished, and properly printed, yet the outline of the face so identified with the ground as to be entirely lost. This is so common an error that there are few photographers in the profession who do not every month in the year send forth to the public this glaring evidence—not of their ignorance, but of their carelessness in the use of backgrounds. Should we have frequently by discerning patrons finished pic tures turned back upon our hands for this inexcusable fault, we would, by this, having our attention called to the matter in a way to touch our purses, be benefited by the loss. I am aware that photographers of experience, possessing a practical know ledge, would scarcely need to be told that a contrast between the outline of face or figure and the background is absolutely neces sary ; yet a reminder of this important fact cannot be out of place when we see so frequently evidence of a neglect on the part of even veterans who fail to put in practice what their ex perience must surely have taught them, but frequently allow glaring errors to creep into work that would be condemned very readily by themselves if seen in the establishment of another. There was recently brought to me a photograph to be copied, which was fully up to the average in all particulars save one. A landscape ground had been employed, while the subject—a child—was posed upon a carpeted floor, reclining against an up holstered chair. By converting the chair into a rock, and the tapestry carpet into a grassy bank, we were enabled to stop a
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