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The photographic news
- Bandzählung
- 29.1885
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- 1885
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- Hochschule für Grafik und Buchkunst Leipzig
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- Hochschule für Grafik und Buchkunst Leipzig
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- Bandzählung
- No. 1394, May 22, 1885
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Zeitschrift
The photographic news
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Band
Band 29.1885
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- Register Index III
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Band
Band 29.1885
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May 22, 1885.] THE PHOTOGRAPHIC NEWS. 333 Mr. A. L. Henderson passed round the plates referred to by him at the previous meeting, in order to show that halation was absent. This led to a short discussion on unwashed emulsions, Messrs. Barker, Debenham, Henderson, Haddon, and the Chairman taking part. Mr. C. Heinrich Thinks exhibited and explained the action of “Sargeants’ Patent Shutter ” (page 317). Mr. A. Cowan had devised a shutter on that principle, but he did not claim originality, for Mr. Warnerke had a similar shutter made in Russia some years before. Mr. Cowan then handed to the Chairman plates from Mr. Debenham's formula which had been placed in his hands for trial. Two exposures were made, thirty and sixty seconds respectively; aperture 4 He found sixty seconds to be about the exposure for yielding a good negative in the studio. On the previous day He made a large batch of emulsion which proved slow (14 on the sensitomer), the slowness he attributed to insufficient washing. He placed it in running water for five hours, which doubled the bulk and brought on green fog ; the speed was increased nearly four times ; pits and marks were plentiful. After adding more gelatine to make up for the extra water, the pits disappeared. Mr. Henderson thought green fog may have been caused by lime in the water. Ammonia emulsions were liable to receive a deposit of lime when it existed in the washing water. Mr. W. E. DEEENHAN said it was a question whether the washing spoken of would account for increased speed. It was well known that by keeping an emulsion the speed would be increased. The Chairman : If the emulsion had been previouly washed it would gain rapidity by keeping ; otherwise it would not do so. Mr. Debenham thought green fog was sometimes due to im purities in the silver, and at others to the mode of preparing emulsions. Mr. W. K. Burton had made several experiments with the precipitation method to discover the factor of green fog, so far he had failed. Some emulsions might be increased in rapidity by keeping. In the case of alkaline emulsions, like the ammonia process, there sometimes appeared to be decomposition ; with slow emulsions this was less likely than with rapid ones. By adding decomposed gelatine emulsion to a fresh batch, it in creased the speed a little, and the density appreciably. Mr. Henderson had made a large quantity of emulsion two months ago, from which he continued to coat ; but the speed had risen fiom 15 to 18 on Warnerke’s sensitometer. Mr. .1. B RKER was sure Mr. Henderson was on the right track when he first spoke of the addition of decomposed gela tine to an emulsion ; they had yet to find out how to get maxi mum speed at once without the uncertainties of cooking or keeping. The Chairman attributed green fog in very many cases to an excess of bromide in the emulsion formula. There was another point they had not considered—viz., the reverse action to speed by keeping. He had found this to be the case after reaching a maximum. Mr. Henderson said a friend had boiled an emulsion until it became very slow. Mr. Debenham had found that to be the case, but it was ac companied with fog. Mr. Barker then toned a gelatine print in two minutes ; the colour was good. The mode of preparing the paper was not stated ; but Mr. Barker said it would keep any length of time. Mr. Henderson thought any paper containing citrate or tar trate salts would not keep. A friend had informed him that opal plates so prepared would not keep. Mr. Debenham : It cannot be said that opal plates do not keep, as some will, and others will not. Manchester Amateur Photographic Society. The first ordinary meeting of this .Society, since the appoint ment of its committee and officers, was held on Tuesday even ing, in.the Technical School, Princess Street, and was numerously attended. The following candidates for membership were elected :— Messrs. A. O. Westwood, James Higson, W. Hughes, George Slington, C. H. Denby, R. Gatenoy, Jun., G. T. Yorston, R. R Rothwell, H. B. Lomas, Henry Smith, G. W. A. Greenhill, W. E. Hutchinson, F. W. Cheetham, Henry Scares, and S. S. Fox. The President (the Rev. H. J. Palmer, M.A.) delivered his inaugural address. The first and pleasantest amongst the duties devolving upon him as their President, he said, in venturing to inaugurate that which they all hoped and intended should be the long and prosperous career of their new Society, was that of conveying to the members his grateful sense of the honour con ferred upon him in his election to so important a post. With this expression, then, of his cordial thanks, he entered upon his duties, trusting that he might be found to be second to none in the devotion of effort to further the interests of their body, and in that which he hoped would be their common endeavour to place the Society in the very first rank of movements for promoting the art of photography. There could be no necessity for him to offer any justification for their incorporation as amateurs, into an organized Society like this which had been set on foot under such happily favourable auspices. Nor could there be any arro gance or undue self-assertion in the statement of the un questioned fact that amateurs in the past have, both as indi viduals and as collective bodies, by their discoveries and their patient research and experimental labour, done noble service to this useful art. And might not the members of this Society confidently look forward to results of similar benefit to photo graphy from the united efforts and patient labours of their new and already numerously strong organization ? Certainly, the photographic world had benefited greatly in the past by the work of amateurs In the origination or perfection of processes. The collodio bromide washed emulsion, which for so long a period held a prominent place among the dry processes, had its origin in the skill and experimental research of amateurs of the Liver pool Society, and it was only necessary to mention such names as Herschell, Talbot, Abney, Wortley, Beechey, and a host of others, to be convinced that the claims of amateuis to the very forefront position among those who had brought the art to its present position of efficiency and perfection, is one which could be readily maintained. The increase throughout the world, in the number of those who practise photography as amateurs, is so marked that it was to be hoped their needs and re quirements would now meet with attention. And it would be a useful department of the work of a new Society like this to endeavour to secure for themselves and their brethren the provision of some of these demands. For instance, it it was most desirable that guide-book series, such as those of Murray or Black, should begin to recognize the existence of such societies, and supply them in those volumes with informa tion on special matters required by the members. Points of pictorial interest should now be specified in such books ; thus, the aspect of a building, or of a waterfall or a landscape, might be distinctly laid down, and in addition to this, the points of the compass should be inserted in every map or plan. What could be more annoying than to find, after going perhaps hundreds of miles to photograph a subject in the afternoon, that it could only be taken satisfactorily in the morning? This had been frequently his misfortune in the course of his annual photo graphic vagabondizing over Europe ; yet the annoyance might be entirely obviated by the addition of a few words in the descrip tion of a place, or by the insertion in a map of the points of the compass. He thought also that amateur photographers might now reasonably expect that hotel-keepers would begin to realize the necessity of providing accommodation for them. A room always ready for the changing of plates or the development of negatives, with an abundant supply of water, chemicals and dishes, for which they would willingly pay, would be a boon which they would all greatly appreciate when on their travels. No doubt the hotel-keeper who provided this accommodation would speedily find an increase of customers sufficient to make it worth his while to do so. It would be a useful work for each member of this Society to use bis influence and effort to secure these and other photographic desiderata. In the direction of processes, it would be difficult, perhaps, for them to strike fresh ground, and he was not sure that it was desirable or possible to supersede the now universal gelatino-bromide process by any other. They might do something to develop and perfect this process if they would, as far as opportunity permitted, give themselves up to the task of experimental work in the concoc tion of emulsions and the making of their own plates. To those who are working in the preparation of rapid emulsions, he ventured to suggest that they should test the results of the combination of proto-iodide of iron with their emulsion. He must candidly confess, however, that for ordinary purposes he preferred to prepare his plates for slowness and certainty, rather than for risk and rapidity, and he had never yet obtained surer or more perfect results than those produced by his old favour ite, gelatino-bromide emulsion, made with a considerable propor-
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