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The photographic news
- Bandzählung
- 29.1885
- Erscheinungsdatum
- 1885
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- Englisch
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- Hochschule für Grafik und Buchkunst Leipzig
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- Hochschule für Grafik und Buchkunst Leipzig
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- Bandzählung
- No. 1393, May 15, 1885
- Digitalisat
- SLUB Dresden
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- Parlamentsperiode
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Zeitschrift
The photographic news
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Band
Band 29.1885
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- Register Index III
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Band
Band 29.1885
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- Titel
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May 15, 1885. j THE PHOTOGRAPHIC NEWS. 815 ounces ounce On my return to England, which I hope will be before 1 T . 1 1 .. £,.+LA. cwo.;won+c • kn+ in +hn 20 grains 16 ounces ounces grains ounce ounces 2 20 60 1 16 2 2 1 folded upon themselves, so that a card may be held between the elastic open ends, and having the closed ends or bights con nected with each other by links or cords, substantially as herein described. 2. A holder or file consisting of a series of metal strips folded upon themselves, so that cards may be held between the open ends, the closed ends or bights being united by cords or links, in combination with covers, within which two sets of clamps are secured near the top and bottom, substantially as herein described. from delicate sections stained with carmine or hematoxylin, as usually employed, and ones coloured as suggested, will convince that in the modified hematoxylin we possess a really useful and very convenient method of preparing tissues for photography. meantime should feel glad to hear if any of your numerous readers find this developer satisfactory. I may state that Solution A. Sulphate of soda crystals... Bromide of ammonium ... Citric acid ... Pyrogallic acid Water, make up to Solution B. Sulphite of soda crystals... Carbonate of potash Carbonate of soda Bromide of ammonium ... Water, make up to Jo Auoted in the Science Monthly, from the American Microscopical Some, no doubt, would prefer to lessen the citric acid a little, and omit the bromide altogether in the B solution ; but with the varified air at this altitude (7,800 ft.), it is necessary to restrain more carefully than at the sea-level, or even three or four thousand feet above it. I noticed in a late number an assertion of Dr. Eder’s to that effect, but I have found it by practical experience, and the spoiling of a good many plates. For, when in Nassau (Bihamas) I got capital results with plates exposed for three or four seconds, and even as many as fifteen seconds, from five to six o’clock in the afternoon, yet these same plates here were hopelessly over-exposed by three or four seconds under similar conditions during the day, and six seconds in the afternoon. But to go back to the developer. I add four ounces of water to two drachms of solution A, and—if I am sure the plate is not under-exposed—flood the plate with it, return- ingit at once to the developing glass, and adding one drachm of solution B before again pouring it on to the film. This ought to start the image, but in any case I keep another drachm of B in the measuring glass, and add a few drops at a time till all the detail is satisfactorily out. If I think the plate over-exposed, I only mix half a drachm of B at first, and then add a few drops at a time, whatever more may be required. The developer' works very cleanly, and with plates exposed under similar conditions it is by no means necessary to discard the fluid after every plate. With a little ready mixture several plates can be satis factorily developed with more or less of the same solution used for the first. Correspondence. ANOTHER SODA-POTASH DEVELOPER. Sir,—In spite of the number of formul that have lately been given in the Photographic News of a more or less similar nature anent the above-named developer, I venture to add one more. I had used with some success the Hoo ver formula as recommended for Inglis’ plates, though I must say the results obtained with Carbutt plates were far more gratifying than those with the former. It may be that they contain more bromide of silver, but of that I am not sure, though perhaps some American amateurs have been, or will be, able to decide. Although thinking Hoover’s formula left little to be desired, it struck me that a union of carbonate of potash with carbonate of soda in the B solution would produce rapid work with good colour and density, and so far my anticipations seem verified. I have tried the “ combined developer ” with plates made by Wratten, Edwards, Rouch, Carbutt, Monckhoven, and Inglis, and the resulting negatives have been highly satisfactory. The following are the proportions :— STAINING TISSUES FOR PHOTOGRAPHY. BY GEORGE A. PIERSOL, M.D.* Satisfactory results in photographing histological tissues depend largely upon two conditions :— 1. Having a section too thin, and even that little more than a single layer of cells is included. 2. Having such thin section properly stained—especially sufficiently differentiated. Regarding the first condition, but little difficulty is experienced in these days of sliding microtomes, whose advent has marked a new era in section cutting. The successful completion of the second condition for photo- graphy is not always as readily accomplished. By most workers, probably, the stains ordinarily employed and valued for general use are borax-carmine and hematoxylin ; of the two, the latter is usually the more highly prized—the simple manipulations re quired and the unsurpassed results justly giving hematoxylin a recognized pie-eminence. These sections stained with borax-carmine (properly used) yield often excellent negatives ; in their strata the red colour being sufficiently non-actinic to give a vigorous contrast on the plate. In well-differentiated carmine staining, however, little else than cells is coloured, and frequently delicate details of the con nective-tissues arc wanting, on account of their transparency. Hematoxylin stainings, in very thin sections, while all that can be desired under the microscope, are usually very disappoint ing when photographed ; the delicate layer of tissue offers almost no actinic contrast when monochromatic sunlight is ob tained by the ammonio-sulphate of copper cell. Since hematoxylin is so extensively employed in all lines of work, a ready modification of this staining to meet the needs of photography is of advantage. Such a result is obtained by a modified use of a formula of Wiegert, already commended by Dr. Councilman for the study of the brain and spinal cord. While especially intended for nervous tissues, the modified use furnishes specimens of all organs admirably adapted for photo graphy. No especial formula for hematoxylin is needed, using one which is capable of staining deeply and giving standard results. In the usual course of work the sections are stained ; a few very thin ones, however, are allowed to remain in the solution, after those for ordinary preparation, until they are of an intense dark purple, when they are transferred, one by one, to a capsule con taining a solution composed of the following constituents :— Borax... ... ... ... ••• 1.. Potassium ferricyanide 2.5 Water 100- In this they are kept moving until the intense colour is gradually discharged, and the purple tint is replaced by a bronze yellow, shading to saffron. Before the sections reach the latter colour, they should be washed in water ; the further usual steps in mounting are then completed. Sections so stained, and mounted in balsam, will be found to possess all the differentiation given by hematoxylin, with a change from the puplish-blue colour to the subdued tones of brown—a substitution often most pleasing and grateful to the eye. While in general appearance these sections resemble successful Bismarck brown staining, there are differences in colour, the modified hematoxylin possessing a peculiar greyish brown tint, in addition, the differentiation being better marked, and much more readily obtained than with the Bismarck brown, which is sometimes rebellious. For photography, these modified stainings are well adapted, since the thinnest possible layers are sufficiently non-actinic to J J o , -1 yield a vigorous picture. A comparison of the results obtained long, I intend to make further experiments ; but in the
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