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The photographic news
- Bandzählung
- 29.1885
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- 1885
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- Bandzählung
- No. 1389, April 17, 1885
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The photographic news
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Band
Band 29.1885
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- Register Index III
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256 THE PHOTOGRAPHIC NEWS. [April 17, 1885. self have stated that we had a strong suspicion that sulphite of soda had a great tendency to produce green fog, or, at least, that the plates upon which it was used showed such defect, while others of the same batch were perfectly free irom it. Some what supporting such suspicion, it is a strange circumstance that the only plate exhibiting green fog (amongst those I have shown you) was the only one treated with sulphite of soda. I have little more to add, as my chief object was to open a discussion on the interesting subject of the more novel developers, and I wish it to be most clearly understood that that object—and certainly not an exhaustive comparison of a reliable nature, and which would have taken far more time than I have to devote to it—has been what I have kept in view in carrying out these few simple experiments. The Chairman invited discussion on the subject. He (the speaker) said that many had an impression that the carbonate - potash developer was quite a new discovery, whereas it was by no means so ; he had himself used it some years ago with advant age. Mr. E. Brightman agreed with Mr. Daniel, that to make such comparisons at all definitely conclusive, would occupy months of one’s spare time; it being of course necessary in such case to carefully arrive at the relative restraining powers of the different salts when in combination; and remarked that it would have been interesting to have heard the results similarly compared in the development of under-exposed plates. Mr. Daniel had intended making such a part of his experi ments, but he had been too much otherwise engaged, and now hoped that some other member would supply the deficiency at a future meeting. Mr. W. B. Weight remarked that, although the potash- developed negative exhibited appeared thin, Mr. Daniel would find that it would print far more vigorously than he expected, as there was a colour with negatives so developed which made them far denser than they appeared. This speaker handed round some prints in support of this, from negatives which he at first feared were much too weak. The Chairman stated that he had tried sulphurous acid in the developer, and found that it kept it clear and prevented dis colouration. Mr. Wright exhibited some prints on Morgan’s and “Alpha ” papers, and stated that he found the chief difficulty was in the tones of different prints to agree. After a considerable amount of further discussion, the meet ing (which was well attended) terminated with a vote of thanks to Mr. Daniel. Ualk in the Studio. Influence of the Electric Light on the Development of Plants.—In the Journal of the Society of Chemical Industry is described the results of experiments carried out by P. P. Deh- rain on the influence of the electric light on vegetation. Experiments in this direction had been previously made by Sie mens, but not for such extended periods. The effects of the naked rays noted by Dehrain were very curious ; some of the plants lost their leaves, some became spotted, weak, and un healthy, others turned black, while in the case of some elder shrubs, leaves directly exposed to the electric rays were blackened, although the more protected leaves retained their green colour. The outlines of the upper leaves were found in many instances depicted on those underneath with the distinctness of photo graphy. The influence on vegetation of electric rays which had passed through transparent glass globes was not so prejudicial, although complete development was greatly interfered with The following conclusions were arrived at by the author :—(1) the electric light contains rays which are injurious to vegeta tion ; (2) the greater part of these rays are kept back by trans parent glass ; (3) the electric light contains, on the other hand, sufficient rays useful to vegetation to maintain the life of plants entirely under its influence for 2} months ; (4) this amount of useful rays is, however, insufficient to bring on young germinat ing plants, or to bring full-grown plants to maturity. Photographic Club.—The subject for discussion at the next meeting, on April 22nd, will be “ Platinotype Printing.” Uo Uorrespondents. *** We cannot undertake to return rejected communications. Samuel.—Any dealer in lamps will obtain it to order. An Amateur.—1. The former is best done with a good sable brush, worked to a fine point, and charged with Prussian blue water-colour; while for the latter a rather hard black-lead pencil is most suitable. If, owing to the smoothness of the film, the pencil does not bite, dip the negative in a solution of silicate of sodium, and let it dry—one part of the thick syrupy silicate and twenty-five parts of water. 2. Over-exposure and rapid development both tend to cause it. S. G.—After having sensitized in the usual way, and thoroughly drained, float the sheet, backdownwards, on the following bath:— Citrate of potash 1 part Water 30 parts Three or four minutes is a sufficient time for floating the paper on the citrate bath, and the paper should be once rapidly washed in clean rain water before drying. H. S.—1. There is no better shutter for general work than that you mention. 2. All depends on the hardness of the gelatine—or, rather, on the facility with which it swells and allows the free circulation of the fluids ; but the time in the bath should never be less than ten minutes. Many persons make it a practice to always allow twice or thrice the time required for the disappearance of the last trace of bromide. Sometimes a sample of gelatine isnatu- rally opalescent when in the hypo solution, and occasionally this is mistaken for undissolved bromide. 2. For plates of “ average rapidity,” a term as indefinite as most of those used in estimat ing exposures. If one looks at the whole matter boldly in the face, the only way is to confess that these matters are not yet quite reduced to accurate measurements; but something has been done in this direction. W. F.—It does notappear to us in any sense a matter for the police as you seem to think, but is merely an instance of a person failing to discharge his liabilities. At any rate, he is responsible to you either for the goods or the money, and if he cannot supply you with the former in a reasonable time, he ought to leturn you the latter. If you wish to expedite matters, your course is to obtain a summons from the County Court. J. J. S. C.—1. You will do better if you make it up with only about four-fifths of the quantity of water recommended. 2. It moans nitrate of silver to which sufficient ammonia has been added to dissolve the precipitate first formed. H. B.—1. There is, as far as wo know, not any English patent covering the process, but we do not know how the matter stands in America. 2. According to the English usage, the patent you mention would certainly not cover the process ; but the case may be altogether different in America. E. II. M.—1. In the first place, you must use an emulsion contain ing far more than the usual proportion of silver bromide; and in the second, you must wash the film (after treating with the bi chromate bath) until the yellow colour disappears. 2. To make a suitable emulsion, double everything but the amount of water and the dose of gelatine. Should you meet with other difficulties let us know. „*, Several answers are unavoidably postponed until next week. Ue Ahotographi ews. SUBSCRIFTIONS. Including Postage to any part of the United Kingdom:— . Yearly ... 15s. Od | Half-Yearly ... 7s. 8d. | Quarterly ... 3S.1" To the United States, the Continent, and the Colonies Yearly ... 17s. 4d. I Half-Yearly ... 8s. 8d. | Quarterly ... 4s.4d To India (Yearly) 19s. 6d. ADVERTISEMENTS IN COLUMN. Not exceeding Five Lines (3G words)... 3s. Od. Each Additional Line Os. 4d. Repeated insertions, and special positions or style, by contract. Advertisements should be ferwarled (prepaid) to Piper and CARTEn 5, Castle Street, Holborn, E.C., to reach the office not later than noo Thursday. A fee of 6d. must be forwarded when the Publishersthey expected to receive and forward replies to Advertisements; and "he lame undertake the receipt of replies, they must be entrusted with the and address of advertiser, for revelation to applicants, in case they deem it necessary.
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