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The photographic news
- Bandzählung
- 29.1885
- Erscheinungsdatum
- 1885
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- Englisch
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- F 135
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- Hochschule für Grafik und Buchkunst Leipzig
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- Hochschule für Grafik und Buchkunst Leipzig
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- Bandzählung
- No. 1389, April 17, 1885
- Digitalisat
- SLUB Dresden
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Zeitschrift
The photographic news
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Band 29.1885
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- Register Index III
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Rebiebs. Conference SUR la Decoration CERAMIIQUE par Impres sion. Par Leon Vidal (Paris: Quantin'). We have here a work which, if not large, is of very excep tional interest, as it brings the whole question of decorating ceramic ware by means of photographic blocks well up to date. A photo-typographic block (Meist nbach) is given, after which are printed the various dissections of the same block, which will, when each is printed in its proper colour, give a polychrome image. We hope to present our readers with a translation cf portions of the work before long. A Practical Treatise on the Fabrication of Glue, GELA- tine, &c. By F. Davidowsky. Demy octavo, 297 pages and thirty-five engravings in the text. (London : Samp son Low, Marston and Co. Philadelphia : Baird and Co.) A handbook treating of gelatine and glue could not come at a more opportune time than the present, as gela tine has practically replaced collodion as a vehicle for the sensitive salts of silver in making negatives, and it threatens to oust albumen from its long held tenure in connection with positive prints. The subject is introduced in some fifteen pages, after which about sixty pages are devoted to describing the routine work and ordinary fixtures of a glue factory. The finer gelatines are afterwards treated of, and numerous uses and applications of gelatine are considered. The directions for making gelatine foils and coloured veneers are specially interesting. We cannot find space for extracts this week, but hope to give our readers a sample of the book shortly. APRACTICAL Guide to Photography, (London: Marion and Co., 22 and 23, Soho S/juare. 1885.) This is a very clearly written and neatly got up handbook, and we have no doubt that any intelligent person might become a photographer by a careful study of it. HARDWICK ON THE ETHOXO LIME-LIGHT ; WITH A SAFETY jet to prevent explosion. BY T. FREDERICK HARDWICH.* The " Ethoxo," or, as I prefer to term it, the “ Oxy-ether light,” is the invention of Mr. W. Broughton, of Mmchester, but 1 do not think sufficient credit has been given him for it. Much fault has been found by critics who either have not tried the process, or have used it in a way contrary to the instruc tions. My own experience is that it is a very efficient substi tute for the oxy-hydrogen, when coal-gas cannot be obtained, and that it is quite safe in the hands of experienced persons, with proper precautions. Presuming that the members of your Society are familiar with the general outlines of the process, I proceed to speak of what I have found to be the best form of tank for holding the ether. The oxygen gas in this form does not pass through the liquid, but over its surface ; the advantage of which is, that there is less fear of ether being forced back into the bag, and also the light is steadier. In the old form of tank, when granules of pumice or other substances are used for safety, the flame at the jet mouth will be seen to rise and fall as each bubble of gas passes through the ether; but when the gas passes merely over its surface, the resistance offered by the granules is overcome. In the former case, also, the pressure of the gas is reduced at least one-third, whereas in the latter it not only suffers no re duction, but is sometimes even increased by the elastic force of the ether vapour. An inspection of the following diagrams, which are drawn to a scale of one-fourth, will at once show the construction. Fig. 1 is a vertical, and Fig. 2 a horizontal section. The tank, -inches long, is divided into two floors by a septum passing across, at a height of 1} inches (inside measurement), the lower * Communication to the Newcastle-on-Tyne and Northern Counties Photographic Association. division being used for generating the vapour, and the upper forming two reserve chambers ; so that, if any overflow of ether should accidentally take place, it would not be driven into the pipes. The oxygen enters at the point marked 0, and O2 and after saturating itself with ether by passing in the direction indi- F / C,/. H , F / G. 2. cated by the arrows in Fig. 2, escapes at IL and H P A T-piece, with tap, is screwed in at O 1( and a simple exit pipe, with tap, at H 2 . There is also a cap screwing down upon a leather washer at A, to secure the orifice used for filling and emptying the tank. '1'he quantity of ether required will be about a pint; it should be poured into the tank until it reaches to a quarter of an inch, or a little more, from the horizontal septum. If it be then returned into a bottle, and a label placed on the bottle at the surface of the liquid, the exact measure required for the future will be indicated. In making this tank, great care must be taken in the solder ing, or a portion of the oxygen will travel by a shorter route than is intended, and there will be a danger of an explosive mix ture being formed. The bottom must be put on last, resting on the edges of the vertical septa, but not attached to them, and notched here and there to allow the ether to flow underneath. To test the tank, fill it with ether, and place it for two hours in melting ice. Now connect it with the safety jet of the lantern and pass oxygen through it. The flame should be long and blue slightly tipped with yellow. If, on the other hand, it burns with a small flame of a pale violet colour, and renders the limo incandescent without any further admixture of oxygen from the 0 tube of the jet, the tank is improperly made, and the oxygen not sufficiently saturated with ether vapour. The Ether.—I find a great advantage from the employment of the lightest and best methylated ether. Being comparatively free from alcohol, and water, it can be used over and over again by simply filling up to the original bulk with fresh ether. It is sold in commerce as ether of '720 ; but if my specific gravity bottle is reliable, it is very little more than '710 at 60? Fahr. After having been once used, the specific gravity was "715, and after three times '725 at 60°. Unless a really light and good ether can be obtained, I do not advise that the ethoxo lime light should be attempted. Store the ether in a cool, and especially in a dark place, as the action of light causes it to absorb oxygen, and become less volatile. See, also, that no flame is near at hand when you are pouring it out to fill the tank. The Jet.—Any jet, of the oxyhydrogen kind, which answers for coal gas may be used with ether ; but to obtain the best re sults it must be well made, as the ether vapour is more liable to what we term “ roaring ” or “ hissing,” than either coal gas or hydrogen. The orifice should be somewhat smaller than the 2 inch usually recommended, or the flame will be liable to pass back in dissolving, when the bye-pass is low. One twenty-fifth will be sufficient, and I do not find the light sensibly lessened by reducing the orifice to this point. To secure as strong a pressure of gas as possible during emission, the bore should ex-
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