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43 6 Second Appendix. mountains of Scheibenberg. Here gneifs forms the loweft ftratum or bafis of the hill. On this a quartzy fand immediately repofes, which is indilputably of Neptunian origin, if any Hone be fo; immediately over this fand there lies a ftratum of clay, much blended vvitli fand ; above that the clay is lefs fandy; above that it becomes harder; fl ill higher it is found mixed with wacken; füll higher the wacken becomes har der ; and ftill higher it paffes into bafalt. Who does not fee that this whole graduating feries of foflils mult have had a common origin, and all to have becn lormed in the fame fluid ? and let it be confidered, that wacken muft have been formed in the moift way ; for, in fire it becomes remarkably cellular. Befides, branches, leaves, and roots of trees, have frequenrly becn found in it. In various other inflances, bafalt or trap has been found to pai's into argillites and fandftones, both, confeffcdiy, of INeptunian origin. 2d, Dr. Beddoes, in the Bhilofophical Tranfac- tions /or 1791, has fhewn (though with a very different intention) an evident connedtion be- tween bafalt, trap, and granite. They lie, as he oblerves, “ fo contiguous, and often -fo in- “ volved in rach other, that one cannot but fup- 41 pofe both to have undergone the fame opera- (c tions of nature at the f.mie time;” a concretion of this lort extorted front Ferber an avowal that bafalt might be produced in the moift way. Italy, 16 L.etter. 3d, Some irregulär bafaltic pillars were lately , difcovered in Bohemia, containing indurated ptarl, with the impreffion of a vegetable rclem- bling cerafliunt, or alpine, i ( hy. Ann. 1792, p. 70. I he confequcnce is obvious. The great ftumbling-