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ELASTIC MINERAL PITCH- 365 lively flame, and is considered as the principal ingredient in the Greek Fire, so much employed in former times. Observations. 1. The substances described under the names Asphalt, Jews Filch, Mumia mincralis, Mineral Pitch, Bitumen oj Judea, principally belong to this subspecies, although un der these names, by some mineralogists, earthy mineral pitch is understood. 2. Gagat or Jet, is a variety of pitch.coal, and therefore cannot be arranged under this species. 3. The term Asphalt, sometimes applied to this sub stance, is derived from the name of the Lake of Judea, where this mineral occurs in abundance. ■ Third Subspecies. Elastic Mineral Pitch. Elastiches Erdpech, Werner. Elastic Bitumen, Ilatche.lt, Linn. Trans. \ol. iv. p. 146. &c.— Mineral Cahoutchou, Kirw. vol. ii. p. 48.—Elastiches Erd- pecli, Estncr, b. iii. s. 106. Id. Emm b. iii. s. 106.—Cahout chou fossile, I.itm. t. ii. p. 540.—La Poix niineralc clastique, Brock, t. ii. p. 64.—Bitume clastique, Huuy, t. iii. p. 313, 314.—Elastiches Bcrgpech, Rcuss, b. iii. s. 110. Id. Lud. b. i. s. 192. Id. Suck. 2 ter th. s. 46.—Elastisclies 1'ederharz, Bert. ■s. 343.—Elastisclies Erdpech, Mobs, b. ii- s. 304. Id. Leon hard, Tabel. s. 48. Id. Haus. s. 117. Id. Karst. Tabel. s. 58. Id. I.enz, b. ii. s. 1052.—Elastic Mineral Pitch, Aiicin, p. 4. External Characters. Its colours are blackish-brown, sometimes inclining to brownish-black, sometimes to reddish-brown. It