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Notes on Book III. i Richard Newjham of Cloth-Fair, London, Engineer," M akes the moft */*/«/, /«£- ftantial, and convenient Engines for quenching Fires, which carries continual Streams with great Force. He hath play’d feveral of them before his Majefty, and the Nobility at St. James's, with fo general an Appro bation, that the largeft was at the fame time ordered for the Ufe of that Royal Palace : And as a further Encouragement (to prevent others from making the fame Sort, or any Imitation thereof) his Ma- jeily has fince been gracioufly pleas’d to grant him his fecond Letters Patent, for the better fecuring his Property in this, and fe veral other Inventions for railing Water from any Depth, to any Height required. The largeft Engine will go through a Paflage about three Foot wide, in com plete working Order, without taking off, or putting 011 any thing : And may be worked with ten Men in the faid Pajfage. One Man can quickly, and with Eafe, move the largeft Size about, in rhe Com- pafs it (lands in : And is to be play’d with out rocking, upon any uneven Ground, with Hands and Feet, or Hands only, which cannot be parallel’d by any other Sort whatfoever. There is Conveniency for above 20 Men to apply their full Strength, and yet referve both Ends of the Ciftern clear from Incumbrance, that others at the fajne time may be pouring in Water, -which drains through large Copper Strainers. The Staves that are fixed through the Leavers, along the Sides of the Engine, for the Men to work by, though very light, as alternate Motions with quick Returns require ; yet will not fpring and lofe Time the leafl : But the Staves of fitch Engines as are wrought at the Ends of the Cijlern, will fpring Or break, if they be of fuch a Length as is necclfary for a large Engine, when a con- fiderable Power is apply’d : And cannot be fix’d fall, becaufe they mull at all ‘Times be taken out, before T!hat Engine can go through a Palfagc. The playing two Streams at once, do neither ifTue a greater Quantity of Water, nor is it new, or fo ufeful, there having been of the like Sort at the Steel-yard, and other Places, go or 40 Years; and the Water being divided, the Diilance and Force are accordingly lejfend thereby : That Way of working not be coming more publick, is a vifible Proof, that it doth not anfwer ; for with a very fmall Addition, any Engine will do the fame. There is a Mi flake very common among fuch as are not well acquainted with the Laws tf Nature, and the EffeQs of Mechanical Powers, who imagine, that the more Purchafe the Leavers have upon the Forcers in the Barrels (without any Regard to Time) the greater the Perfor mance, both as to Length of the Stream, and Quantity of Water deliver'd’, but ’tis well known, that Notion is wrong; for the greater the Purchafe is, by applying the ope rating Power, more diflant from the Centre, the flower will the Motion of the Forcers be ; which is confiftent with all Mechanical EffeBs; thus, What is gain’d by the Power, is loft in Time. Those who pretend to make the Forcers work in the Barrels, with a perpendicular Stroke, without Rack, Wheels, Chains, Crank, Pully, or the like, by any kind of contrived Leavers, or circular Motion whatfoever, with lefs Fridion, than if gui ded and work'd by Whettl and Chains, (which of all Methods ps the befl,) do only dtfcover their Ignorance; they may as reafonably ar gue, that a great Weight can be dragg’d upon a Sledge, with as little Strength, as if drawn upon Wheels. THE approv’d Duration of thofe Chains both from Water and Ruft, has been fuffi- ciently experienc’d for fome Years, in fe veral Parts of this and other Kingdoms; but to inflance fome Places at Home, parti cularly at the Hand-in-IIand, and other A fur an ce Offices, whole Bulinefs it is to be firft and laft at every Fire that happens in Z z * the i