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NAPHTHA. 631 matic and bituminous. Boils at a temperature below 100° c. Burns with a bituminous smell. Soluble in absolute alcohol. Analyses by Dumas:— Carbon 84-05 88'02 85'40 87-70 80-40 Hydrogen 13'31 11-98 14-23 13-00 12 70 Oozes either alone or with water out of clefts in rocks, or out of the ground at Haring and Tegernsee in the Alps, Amiano near Parma and many other places in Italy, Salies in the Pyrenees, several places in the United States, Persia, the East Indies, China, Baku on the Caspian. By exposure to the air naphtha becomes thick and at last solid. Petroleum, elaterite and asphaltum are supposed to be naphtha more or less altered by exposure. Petroleum, at the usual temperature, is rather thicker than common tar, has a bituminous odour, and is of a blackish or reddish-brown colour, burns with a thick black smoke, is slightly soluble in alcohol, and very soluble in setheri and in volatile and fat oils, ct = o-8...i'2. Analyses of petroleum from Bechelbrunn and from Hatten in Alsace by Boussingault:— Carbon 88-3 88-7 Hydrogen H'l 12 ' 0 Is found in Hanover, Brunswick, Pont du Chateau and many other places in Auvergne, Bechelbrunn, Hatten and Lobsann in Alsace, Zante, Barbados, forming a lake in Trinidad, in England at Ormskirk in Lancashire, and at Coal Port near Coalbrookdale, at St. Catharine’s Well near Edinburgh, in the isle of Pomona, Rangoon in Ava. Elaterite is soft, yields easily to pressure, is flexible and elastic like caoutchouc, brown or black. G = 0 8...1-23. Analyses of elaterite from Derbyshire by Johnston:— Carbon 86-47 84-39 83-07 85-00 80 18 Hydrogen 13-28 12-68 12 54 12-34 12-42 Is found in the Odin mine at Castleton in Derbyshire, Mon- trelais not far from Nantes in France, Woodbury in Connecticut. Asphaltum is solid with a conchoidal fracture, opaque with a shining waxy lustre, black, inclining to brown, and has a brown streak, n = 2'0. a = ri...l - 2. Acquires resinous electricity by friction. Melts at a little above 100° c. Burns with a smoky flame, leaving a small quantity of ashes. e e 4