Suche löschen...
The chemical news
- Bandzählung
- 1.1860
- Erscheinungsdatum
- 1860
- Sprache
- Englisch
- Signatur
- A63
- Vorlage
- Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz
- Digitalisat
- Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz
- Digitalisat
- SLUB Dresden
- Lizenz-/Rechtehinweis
- Public Domain Mark 1.0
- URN
- urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-db-id507022629-186000010
- PURL
- http://digital.slub-dresden.de/id507022629-18600001
- OAI-Identifier
- oai:de:slub-dresden:db:id-507022629-18600001
- Sammlungen
- Projekt: Bestände der Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz
- LDP: Bestände der Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz
- Strukturtyp
- Band
- Parlamentsperiode
- -
- Wahlperiode
- -
- Digitalisat
- SLUB Dresden
- Strukturtyp
- Ausgabe
- Parlamentsperiode
- -
- Wahlperiode
- -
-
Zeitschrift
The chemical news
-
Band
Band 1.1860
-
- Titelblatt Titelblatt I
- Sonstiges Advertisement III
- Ausgabe No. 1. - December 10, 1859 1
- Ausgabe No. 2. - December 17, 1859 13
- Ausgabe No. 3. - December 24, 1859 25
- Ausgabe No. 4. - December 31, 1859 37
- Ausgabe No. 5. - January 7, 1860 49
- Ausgabe No. 6. - January 14, 1860 61
- Ausgabe No. 7. - January 21, 1860 73
- Ausgabe No. 8. - January 28, 1860 85
- Ausgabe No. 9. - February 4, 1860 97
- Ausgabe No. 10. - February 11, 1860 109
- Ausgabe No. 11. - February 18, 1860 121
- Ausgabe No. 12. - February 25, 1860 133
- Ausgabe No. 13. - March 3, 1860 145
- Ausgabe No. 14. - March 10, 1860 157
- Ausgabe No. 15. - March 17, 1860 169
- Ausgabe No. 16. - March 24, 1860 181
- Ausgabe No. 17. - March 31, 1860 193
- Ausgabe No. 18. - April 7, 1860 205
- Ausgabe No. 19. - April 14, 1860 217
- Ausgabe No. 20. - April 21, 1860 229
- Ausgabe No. 21. - April 28, 1860 241
- Ausgabe No. 22. - May 5, 1860 253
- Ausgabe No. 23. - May 12, 1860 265
- Ausgabe No. 24. - May 19, 1860 277
- Ausgabe No. 25. - May 26, 1860 289
- Ausgabe No. 26. - June 2, 1860 301
- Register Index 313
- Beilage No. 1. December 10, 1859 I
- Beilage No. 2. December 17, 1859 IX
- Beilage No. 3. December 24, 1859 I
- Beilage No. 4. December 31, 1859 I
- Beilage No. 5. January 7, 1860 I
- Beilage No. 6. January 14, 1860 I
- Beilage No. 7. January 21, 1860 V
- Beilage No. 8. January 28, 1860 I
- Beilage No. 9. February 4, 1860 I
- Beilage No. 10. February 11, 1860 I
- Beilage No. 11. February 18, 1860 I
- Beilage No. 12. February 25, 1860 I
- Beilage No. 13. March 3, 1860 I
- Beilage No. 14. March 10, 1860 I
- Beilage No. 15. March 17, 1860 I
- Beilage No. 16. March 24, 1860 I
- Beilage No. 17. March 31, 1860 I
- Beilage No. 18. April 7, 1860 I
- Beilage No. 19. April 14, 1860 I
- Beilage No. 20. April 21, 1860 I
- Beilage No. 21. April 28, 1860 I
- Beilage No. 22. May 5, 1860 I
- Beilage No. 23. May 12, 1860 I
- Beilage No. 24. May 19, 1860 I
- Beilage No. 25. May 26, 1860 I
- Beilage No. 26. June 2, 1860 I
- Beilage No. 27. June 9, 1860 I
-
Band
Band 1.1860
-
- Titel
- The chemical news
- Autor
- Links
- Downloads
- Einzelseite als Bild herunterladen (JPG)
-
Volltext Seite (XML)
THE CHEMICAL NEWS. Vol. I. No. 8. —January 28, i860. SCIENTIFIC AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY. On some Properties of the Platinum Metals, by MM. Deville and Debkay. 1 Tjie platinum metals have particular characters, which completely separate them from the more or less natural divisions, into which the other metals have been formed. It will he well, in our opinion, to make of them a single group, which shall contain them all and admit no others. It is true that these metals are not analogous in every respect; but they have a common physiognomy, and a peculiar character which will always oblige us to study them together, even if, with a view to a rational classifi cation, they should be distributed among different fa milies of the simple bodies. These metals are never found apart from one another, except, and then but rarely, palladium; and palladium is, of all of them, the one most nearly allied to the other metals. More or less alterable under the influence of oxygen and chlorine, they are all allied by the facility with which they give up to reducing agents the elements with which they are combined. Their principal affinities are for the halogen bodies, such as chlorine, bromine, iodine and cyanogen; and with these bodies they all give birth to compounds characteristic of the series of platinum metals, Besides this they all have the curious property of determining a number of chemical reactions by their simple contact—their catalytic action as it has been called by Berzelius. This last action cannot be ascribed to the porosity of the metals, for platinum which has been melted and worked with the hammer is as active in this respect as platinum which has been ob tained by the aggregation of its powder. The differences between these bodies are equally re markable. Thus osmium which burns in the air and gives rise to vapours of osmic acid, has been compared by Berzelius to arsenic; later, M. Dumas inclines to range it by the side of tellurium : but most assuredly it is a metalloid, the metalloid of the platinum series. Ruthenium is allied to tin by its chemical properties and the form of its oxide. Palladium resembles silver in its volatility, its oxidability, and its action upon liydriodic acid, &c.; but the strong basic property of oxide of silver is not met with in any of the oxides of palladium. Rhodium cannot be compared with any other metal. It resembles silver in its oxidability by heat, in the basic properties of j its principal oxide, and in the remarkable action which it j exerts upon sulphuric acid or rather the bisulphate of potash; and is like gold in the reactions of its chlorides. Platinum is in all its properties a true analogue of gold. Iridium presents few analogies with the ordinary metals, being superior to all of them in its resistance to the action of our most powerful reagents; and if its physical properties were in accordance with its chemical, iridium rather than gold would be the king of metals. Abridged from the Annates tie Chimie et de Physique. We now proceed to give in detail the author’s ac count of the metals. 1. Osmium. — Until now osmium has been prepared in such a state that the history of its physical properties is as incomplete as that of iron would be if we only knew it in the pyrophoric condition, or as silieium or boron, if they were only known as amorphous matters eminently combustible. We have considered osmium as a metalloid; and in fact, like a certain number of me talloids, osmium has the power of entirely changing its chemical and physical properties according to the manner in which it is prepared. Ordinary osmium, prepared according to the process of Berzelius, is a spongy, half metallic mass, which gives oft' an odour of osmic acid, in dicating a sensible alteration by oxygen at the ordinary temperature. It density is equal to 7. If however it is obtained by reducing the vapour'of osmic acid with hy drogen, it is metallic and has a density of about 1 o. Pulverulent Osmium.— But osmium appears with altogether different characters when prepared in the fol lowing manner. We take osmide of iridium in fine powder — if we have none naturally pulverulent we reduce the scales to powder chemically, by calcining them with 4 or 5 times their weight of zinc. When all trace of the zinc has disappeared from the flame we allow the crucible to cool, and there is found a porous friable mass weighing exactly as much as the osmide intro duced. One part of this is mixed with 5^ times its weight of binoxide of barium, and the mixture is heated for an hour or two in a well covered crucible to the temperature of melted silver. After this a black homo geneous mass is found which we break up and place in a glass retort; a little water is then added and afterwards 8 parts of hydrochloric and 1 part of nitric acid. These are shaken together and distilled, taking care to keep the receiver well cooled to avoid the escape of the osmic vapours. When the vapour no longer has the smell of osmic acid, the distillation is stopped, and the liquid in the receiver is distilled afresh, and the product is con densed in diluted ammonia. The osmiate of ammonia is supersaturated with sul phuretted hydrogen, and the liquor containing the sulphide of osmium is boiled for some time and then filtered. The sulphide of osmium, dried at a low heat, is placed in a crucible of coke, which is itself enclosed in another crucible of refractory clay and then heated for 4 or ; hours to the temperature of melted nickel. The sulphide is reduced by the heat and there is left a brilliant metal of a blue colour brighter than that of zinc. If the heat is raised to that of melted rhodium we have a metal whose density is equal to z 1 ’3 or 21 ’4. This osmium is without smell and only becomes combustible at a temperature higher than that of melted zinc. Crystallised Osmium.—When osmium is heated to bright redness with 7 or 8 times its weight of tin in a charcoal crucible, and the melted mass is allowed to cool slowly, the osmium separates in a crystalline form. It is
- Aktuelle Seite (TXT)
- METS Datei (XML)
- IIIF Manifest (JSON)