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The chemical news
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The chemical news
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Band 1.1860
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- Titelblatt Titelblatt I
- Sonstiges Advertisement III
- Ausgabe No. 1. - December 10, 1859 1
- Ausgabe No. 2. - December 17, 1859 13
- Ausgabe No. 3. - December 24, 1859 25
- Ausgabe No. 4. - December 31, 1859 37
- Ausgabe No. 5. - January 7, 1860 49
- Ausgabe No. 6. - January 14, 1860 61
- Ausgabe No. 7. - January 21, 1860 73
- Ausgabe No. 8. - January 28, 1860 85
- Ausgabe No. 9. - February 4, 1860 97
- Ausgabe No. 10. - February 11, 1860 109
- Ausgabe No. 11. - February 18, 1860 121
- Ausgabe No. 12. - February 25, 1860 133
- Ausgabe No. 13. - March 3, 1860 145
- Ausgabe No. 14. - March 10, 1860 157
- Ausgabe No. 15. - March 17, 1860 169
- Ausgabe No. 16. - March 24, 1860 181
- Ausgabe No. 17. - March 31, 1860 193
- Ausgabe No. 18. - April 7, 1860 205
- Ausgabe No. 19. - April 14, 1860 217
- Ausgabe No. 20. - April 21, 1860 229
- Ausgabe No. 21. - April 28, 1860 241
- Ausgabe No. 22. - May 5, 1860 253
- Ausgabe No. 23. - May 12, 1860 265
- Ausgabe No. 24. - May 19, 1860 277
- Ausgabe No. 25. - May 26, 1860 289
- Ausgabe No. 26. - June 2, 1860 301
- Register Index 313
- Beilage No. 1. December 10, 1859 I
- Beilage No. 2. December 17, 1859 IX
- Beilage No. 3. December 24, 1859 I
- Beilage No. 4. December 31, 1859 I
- Beilage No. 5. January 7, 1860 I
- Beilage No. 6. January 14, 1860 I
- Beilage No. 7. January 21, 1860 V
- Beilage No. 8. January 28, 1860 I
- Beilage No. 9. February 4, 1860 I
- Beilage No. 10. February 11, 1860 I
- Beilage No. 11. February 18, 1860 I
- Beilage No. 12. February 25, 1860 I
- Beilage No. 13. March 3, 1860 I
- Beilage No. 14. March 10, 1860 I
- Beilage No. 15. March 17, 1860 I
- Beilage No. 16. March 24, 1860 I
- Beilage No. 17. March 31, 1860 I
- Beilage No. 18. April 7, 1860 I
- Beilage No. 19. April 14, 1860 I
- Beilage No. 20. April 21, 1860 I
- Beilage No. 21. April 28, 1860 I
- Beilage No. 22. May 5, 1860 I
- Beilage No. 23. May 12, 1860 I
- Beilage No. 24. May 19, 1860 I
- Beilage No. 25. May 26, 1860 I
- Beilage No. 26. June 2, 1860 I
- Beilage No. 27. June 9, 1860 I
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THE CHEMICAL NEWS. Vol. I. No. 10. —February n, i860. SCIENTIFIC AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY. On the Chemical Polarisation of Neutral Oxygen which takes place with the slow combicstion of Phosphorus, by 0. F. SCHONBEIN. * 1 The author first describes the behaviour of a mixture of aqueous phosphorous acid and peroxide of hydrogen. This mixture lias the following reactions : — 1. A dilute solution of chromic acid containing only one per cent, of the acid, is first coloured blue by the mixture; but ordinary oxygen is soon developed, and the solution becomes permanently green in consequence of the formation of a salt of chrome oxide. Diluted phos phorous acid will not alone reduce the free chromic acid, because from a mixture of two acid solutions no oxygen can be set free. 2. The mixture instantaneously decolorises a solution of permanganic acid or permanganate of potash with the rapid development of ordinary oxygen and the formation of a salt of manganous oxide. It is true that pure diluted phosphorous acid will also reduce permanganic acid to manganous oxide, but slowly, and naturally without setting free oxygen gas. 3. With peroxide of lead the mixture developes ordi nary oxygen in the formation of a salt of protoxide of lead. 4. The mixture when added to water will not by itself colour blue a dilute solution of iodide of potassium and starch (the concentrated mixture will do so); but on the addition of a few drops of a dilute solution of sulphate of iron the starch mixture is instantaneously coloured blue. 5. At the ordinary temperature the mixture will slowly decolorise a moderately strong solution of indigo ; but on adding a few drops of sulphate of iron solution it is in stantly decolorised. 6. The mixture may be kept at a temperature of 212° Fahr. for some hours without losing the power of turn ing the solution of iodide of potassium and starch blue, with the co-operation of the dilute sulphate of iron solution. 8. Platinum black placed in contact with the mixture occasions no perceptible development of oxygen gas; but by continued agitation of the metallic powder with the liquid, the power of turning the iodide of potassium paste blue is completely lost. 8. The mixture may remain for days in contact with finely divided phosphorus without losing the property of colouring the iodide of potassium paste blue; but by standing together a longer time the power is lost. Let us now see how the acid liquid behaves which is obtained by the action of phosphorus on moist air, or oxygen attenuated by means of the air pump, and in which chemists until now have found nothing but phos phorus and a little phosphoric acid. 1 Journal fur Praktische Chcmic, Bd. lxxviii. S. 63. Chemisch Central Platt, Jan. 18. i860. | If some pieces of phosphorus an inch long, with a clean | surface, are placed in an open porcelain dish with sufli- ! cient water to about half cover them, and are allowed to | remain for 18 or 24 hours at a temperature of from 6o° to 68° Fahr., the acid liquid which is poured away from I the phosphorus will show the following reactions : 1. On mixing the liquid with dilute chromic acid so- ; lution, it is at first coloured somewhat blue; but if the phosphorus has been exposed to the action of the atmo spheric oxygen a sufficient time, and provided too much chromic acid has not been used, the solution becomes of a permanent green colour, owing to the formation of a salt of chrome oxide, as is evident from the circumstance that chrome oxide may be precipitated from the green | solution. 2. A solution of permanganic acid or permanganate of potash is instantaneously decolorised by the liquid, by the development of ordinary oxygen and the formation of ! a salt of manganous oxide. 3. Placed in contact with peroxide of lead the liquid sets free ordinary oxygen from the formation of a salt of lead oxide. 4. The strong liquid diluted with water loses the power of turning the iodide of potassium and starch so lution blue by itself, (the concentrated solution will do this,) but on the addition of a few drops of a solution of sulphate of iron the mixture instantly acquires the deepest blue colour. 5. If coloured blue with indigo tincture, the mixture is slowly decolorised at the ordinary temperature, but it is changed instantly on the addition of a dilute solution j of sulphate of iron. 6. The mixture may be kept boiling for some hours (being brought up to its original bulk by occasional ad ditions of water) without losing the power of changing the iodide of potassium and starch solution blue with the help of the sulphate of iron. 7. Platinum black introduced into the liquid occasions no sensible evolution of oxygen gas, but if the two be shaken together for some time the liquid loses the power of bluing the iodide of potassium and starch. 8. The liquid may stand in contact with finely divided phosphorus for days, without losing the property of turn ing the iodide of potassium and starch blue on the ad dition of sulphate of iron solution: but by remaining together longer the power is lost. When we compare the behaviour of this liquid witli that of the artificially prepared mixture of phosphorous acid and peroxide of hvdrogen, we see between the two the most perfect accordance, and the resemblance war rants us in drawing the conclusion that the liquid con tains II0 2 ; and that by the slow combustion of phos phorus in atmospheric air, or attenuated oxygen peroxide of hydrogen (as well as phosphoric and phosphorous acids) is formed; and, indeed, under favourable circumstances in considerable quantity. It is easy to obtain a fluid which mixed with a solu tion of permanganate of potash gives, proportionately, at I least, a large quantity of oxygen. If we place six pieces.
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