326 EARLY CHRISTIAN ART. Chap. XI. Redeemer. The form of the angel, already matured by him in the upper church of Assisi, 1 — improved, even in the progress of the series devoted to the life of S. Fran cis, 2 finally acquired a noble lightness of form and a sweetness of features, of which the heavenly messengers, in the allegories of the Lower church, were the best ex pression. Here again, Giotto transformed and re-created the type of the Christian angel, setting aside for ever that, of old founded on imitation of the classic time, and infusing into form and features, elegance, proportion, and a spirit exhaling celestial kindliness and affection. It was reserved for Angelico to display the excess of mystic and religious sentiment which was not in Giotto. The most careful search will not enable the student to discover any frescos of Giotto in the present monastery' of S. Chiara; and with the exception of the feeble production assigned, as before stated, to Simone Napole- tano, there is not even a Giottesque picture there. Of the church appertaining to the monastery, the walls have long b een whitewashed; 3 and as to the portable altarpiece there, the Madonna delle Grazie , assigned to Giotto, is a miserable example of art in the fourteenth century, such as it displayed itself in most Italian cities of that time. 4 That Giotto, however, painted frescos in the Castel Nuovo and Castel dell’ Uovo 5 is pretty certain, though these naturally perished with the edifices that contained them. That he also painted pictures on panel may be inferred from the remains of two figures of saints preserved by Count Gaetani at Naples. One of these is a bishop of the Franciscan order with the arms of Robert and Sanchia embroidered on his dress, and holding a crozier, the other is a saint carrying a book. The nimbus, in both, is re- 1 No. 9. of series of scenes from the life of S. Francis. 2 No. 20. where the Saint is carried to heaven. 3 By Borrionuovo the governor of the church in the first half of the last century. See annot. to Vas. Vol. I. p. 325. note 6. 4 Lanzi mentions this picture as by Giotto. SeeHist. of painting. Vol. H. p. 3. 5 Ghiberti. 2 d com. in Vas. ubi sup. Vol. I. p. XVIII.