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16 INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION, 1876. more or less excludes the air and moisture, and would thus resist decay and retard ignition, precisely as a coating of well-sanded oil-paint will do, while the wood beneath remains essentially un changed in character by the process. These, the Judges think, do not come within the intent of the classification by the Commissioners, who illustrate by the words, “ as by injection of salts of copper and zinc,” etc. Of the many processes devised to accomplish this end, as thus restricted, only two were represented in the Exhibition, so far as has come to our knowledge, and only one of these was for competition. This was by the Burnettizing process, which consists essentially in injection with chloride of zinc. The exhibit by the Eastern Bur nettizing Company, Boston, Massachusetts, consisted of shingles and lumber that had been treated, and were alleged to have been used for eleven to nineteen years in positions where they were subject to various influences of decay, which they successfully resisted. Three species of wood were exhibited in specimens, such as shingles, used, according to the testimony of the exhibitors, on roofs eleven years ; railroad-ties, eleven to eighteen years; and bridge-timbers, cellar- floor, and sweat-vat, twelve to nineteen years. There were other exhibits of woods treated by this process, not exhibited by the manufacturers, shown for other purposes, and excluded from com petition in this group. There were also several exhibits of woods prepared by the Bethell process, but none were shown by the manufacturers, and none so exhibited as to be eligible for award. The most considerable and interesting was exhibited by Page, Kidder, & Fletcher, of New York, manufacturers of coal-tar products. The process consists essentially in injecting the wood with one of the products of coal-tar distillation, known in England as “ creasote oil”; in the United States better known as “ dead oil.” It is claimed that the process greatly hinders decay, and also preserves the wood from destruction by marine- worms. Many specimens were exhibited, some from English and others from American establishments, consisting of railroad-ties and other timber and lumber said to have been long used, but which were still sound; also, piles and timbers used in salt water, and still sound, contrasted with similar pieces not so treated, more or less destroyed by marine-worms. Along with these specimens were samples of the oil used, a model of the machinery used in the process, etc. We are informed that there are six establishments in the United States using this process. There were other exhibits (one in the United States Government collection) of woods treated by this process.